Improve range-free localization accuracy in wireless sensor network using DV-hop and zoning

In recent years, wireless sensor networks have drawn great attention. This type of network is composed of a large number of sensor nodes which are able to sense, process and communicate. Besides, they are used in various fields such as emergency relief in disasters, monitoring the environment, military affairs and etc. Sensor nodes collect environmental data by using their sensors and send them to the base station. Localization in the sensor nodes is an important operation of wireless sensor networks. Thus, data generated by the sensor nodes should also show the position of the node. Hence, a reliable localization algorithm is always necessary. Regarding the localization methods, range-based methods are fairly accurate to estimate the nodes and they estimate the node location. To ensure the accuracy of the obtained range, a range-free method namely distance vector routing has been investigated in this study. Some nodes which benefit from conscious coordinates and help other nodes to estimate their coordinates are called anchor nodes. The present study have used zoning and estimated coordinates of the nodes in each zone to improve localization and it tried to upgrade the accuracy of vector routing localization. The proposed method consists of two steps which in the first step, localization of each node are calculated by DV-hop. In the next step, the estimated coordinates is reformed using zoning method. Simulation results will show that the proposed algorithm is efficient and robust.The proposed method increases the localization accuracy.