Investigating the Lethal Effects of Lead Chloride (PbCl2) on Blood Indices, Liver Enzymes and Evaluation on Cytochrome P450 Gene Expression in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

The aim of this study was to investigate the sub-lethal effects Lead Chloride (PbCl2) on blood indices, liver enzymes, cytochrome P450 gene expression in common carp. For this purpose, Fish with a mean weight of 7 33±0.33 g were prepared and divided into 3 treatments and a control group and exposed to effective concentrations (0.05, 0.15, 0.25 mg / l) of sublethal toxicity for a period of 14 days. At the end of the experiment, sampling was done randomly. The results showed that the level of AST and ALT enzymes significantly decreased compared to the control group (P<0.05) whileThe level of ALP increased significantly (P<0.05). The results of hematology test showed that the level of white blood cells, hematocrit and hemoglobin did not change significantly with increasing the concentration of lead chloride compared to the control group; but they had a slight upward trend compared to the control group (P <0.05). Also, the amount of red blood cells, monocytes, total protein and serum immunoglobulin decreased significantly compared to the control group (P <0.05). Levels of lymphocytes, basophils and total mucus protein increased significantly compared to the control group (P <0.05). Mucus lysozyme had a slight decreasing trend compared to the control group but had no significant effect (P <0.05). The expression of P450 gene in liver and gills increased significantly compared to the control group (P> 0.05). In this study, the relative expression of cytochrome P450 gene in liver tissue was significantly higher than gill tissue (P <0.05). In general, it was found that lead chloride has destructive effects on the liver of common carp.