نتایج جستجو برای: 20 copy numbers of primary sample

تعداد نتایج: 21304386  

2010
Ja Seong Bae Jin Soo Choi Seung Ho Baik Woo Chan Park Byung Joo Song Jeong Soo Kim Young Lim Sang Seol Jung

BACKGROUND Genomic alterations are important events in the origin and progression of various cancers, with DNA copy number changes associated with progression and treatment response in cancer. Array CGH is potentially useful in the identification of genomic alterations from primary tumor and blood in breast cancer patients. The aim of our study was to compare differences of DNA copy number chan...

Journal: :Cancer prevention research 2008
Ximing Tang Marileila Varella-Garcia Ana C Xavier Erminia Massarelli Natalie Ozburn Cesar Moran Ignacio I Wistuba

To identify the characteristics and sequence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) abnormalities relevant to the pathogenesis and progression of lung adenocarcinoma, we performed a precise mapping analysis of EGFR mutation, gene copy number, and total and phosphorylated EGFR protein expression for the same tissue sites. We examined normal bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium (NBE) and tumo...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه پیام نور - دانشگاه پیام نور استان تهران - دانشکده علوم انسانی 1390

in the new age, in regard to human success in education in the globalizing world, one can consider english proficiency and individual differences as two important issues. in efl settings, reading skill plays an important role in education. it seems that using multiple intelligences theory in efl classes which values individual differences by tapping different intelligences, can be rewarding. as...

2016
Charlotte E. Inchley Cynthia D. A. Larbey Nzar A. A. Shwan Luca Pagani Lauri Saag Tiago Antão Guy Jacobs Georgi Hudjashov Ene Metspalu Mario Mitt Christina A. Eichstaedt Boris Malyarchuk Miroslava Derenko Joseph Wee Syafiq Abdullah François-Xavier Ricaut Maru Mormina Reedik Mägi Richard Villems Mait Metspalu Martin K. Jones John A. L. Armour Toomas Kivisild

Humans have more copies of amylase genes than other primates. It is still poorly understood, however, when the copy number expansion occurred and whether its spread was enhanced by selection. Here we assess amylase copy numbers in a global sample of 480 high coverage genomes and find that regions flanking the amylase locus show notable depression of genetic diversity both in African and non-Afr...

2011
Vito Pecoraro Karolin Zerulla Christian Lange Jörg Soppa

Bacteria are generally assumed to be monoploid (haploid). This assumption is mainly based on generalization of the results obtained with the most intensely studied model bacterium, Escherichia coli (a gamma-proteobacterium), which is monoploid during very slow growth. However, several species of proteobacteria are oligo- or polyploid, respectively. To get a better overview of the distribution o...

Background: Escherichia coli is still the common host for ing and heterologous protein expression. Various strategies have been employed to increase protein expression in E. coli, but, it seems that external factors such as selection marker concentration can drastically aff ect the yield of protein and plasmid.Objectives: Alterations of protein expression...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه زنجان 1389

until now many studies have been done over recent decades throughout the world to show the right age to start english. in iran, research is still at an early stage in terms of evaluating teachers’ beliefs about teaching children english. the problem of at what age to start teaching english and how to teach english to elementary school children has not been solved neither in this country nor els...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه یزد - دانشکده جغرافیا 1392

the west of esfahan province, iran, is one of the most important agricultural areas throughout the country due to the climate variability and life-giving water of zayanderood river. rice is one of the major and economic crops in this area. the most important climatic elements in agricultural activities which should be considered include temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and wind. so...

2015
Jiao Li Wei Su Sheng Zhang Yunhui Hu Jingjing Liu Xiaobei Zhang Jingchao Bai Weiping Yuan Linping Hu Tao Cheng Anders Zetterberg Zhenmin Lei Jin Zhang

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway aberrations play significant roles in breast cancer occurrence and development. However, the status of EGFR and AKT1 gene copy numbers remains unclear. In this study, we showed that the rates of EGFR and AKT1 gene copy number alterations were associated with the prognosis of breast cancer. Among 205 patients, high EGFR and A...

Journal: :Cancer research 1992
E M Berns J G Klijn I L van Staveren H Portengen J A Foekens

A principal difference between malignant and normal cells is the aberrant expression of oncogenes. Previously, we have reported on the expression of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1-R) in 93% of the human primary breast cancers studied. In the present study, we observed an increased gene copy number of the IGF-1-R in only 19 (2%) of 975 cases studied. The gene copy number of tum...

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