Higher level semantics are considered useful in the geospatial domain, yet there is no general consensus on the form these semantics should take. Indeed, knowledge representation paradigms such as classification based ontologies do not always pay tribute to the complexity of geospatial semantics. Other approaches, originating from psychology, linguistics, philosophy or cognitive sciences are re...

The district heating (DH) demand of various systems has been simulated in several studies. Most studies focus on the temporal aspects rather than the spatial component. In this study, the DH demand for a medium-sized DH network in a city in southern Germany is simulated and analyzed in a spatially explicit approach. Initially, buildings are geo-located and attributes obtained from various sourc...

Fast and reliable estimation of image derivatives is among the most fundamental tasks of low level image processing. Implicit finite differences offer much higher spectral resolving efficiency compared to explicit finite differences while the computational effort increases only slightly. Although implicit finite differences had become known to a general audience of numerical mathematicians and ...

We use a matched difference-in-difference design to estimate the time profile of the impacts on household consumption and income of an aid-financed poor-area development project in rural China. Sampled households in project and matched comparison villages were followed up annually over the project’s disbursement period. We find that beneficiaries saved about half the total income gain attribute...

background and aim: spatial hearing is one of the most important functions of binaural hearing processing that is based on detection of fine interaural time and interaural intensity difference. spatial hearing is beyond auditory localization and lateralization. it helps auditory scene analysis and target stream segregation from other simultaneous sound sources. this function is important in spe...