Observed spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and luminous X-ray binaries in our Galaxy suggest that both hot (∼ 10K) and cold (∼ 10K) plasma components exist close to the central accreting black hole. Hard X-ray component of the spectra is usually explained by Compton upscattering of optical/UV photons from optically thick cold plasma by hot electrons. Observations also indicate that some o...

I propose a new conceptual framework to disentangle the impacts of weather and climate on economic activity growth: A stochastic frontier model with in production shocks as source inefficiency. test it sample 160 countries over period 1950-2014. Temperature rainfall determine possibilities both rich poor countries; positively cold negatively hot ones. Weather anomalies reduce inefficiency but i...

Understanding the dynamics of productivity shocks is instrumental if we are to identify the sources of economic growth. This paper, investigates dynamic effects of positives productivity shocks to agricultural subsectors during the period from 1991-2015, by disaggregating agricultural sector in Iran into four key subsectors (crops, livestock, fishing and forestry) through an estimated DSGE mode...

Abstract I n this paper, the behavior of the real oil price and OPEC and non-OPEC oil production during 1973-2013 are modelled. Interactions among OPEC, non-OPEC oil production, global oil consumption, and the real price of crude oil are estimated using a Structural VAR model (SVAR). After providing evidence for the structural breaks in oil price in 1996, the results indicate that, ac...

The response of the intra-arterial pressure to the cold immersion stimulus was studied in 42 healthy young adults, continuous direct (arterial-pressure) recording being used. The average systolic elevation was 22.6 mm. Hg and the average diastolic elevation was 16.3 mm. Hg. The difference between direct and indirect methods of measuring blood pressure was studied in 351 simultaneous determinati...

We present mid-infrared (5−40 μm) spectra of shocked ejecta in the Galactic oxygen-rich supernova remnant G292.0+1.8 , acquired with the IRS spectrograph on board the Spitzer Space Telescope. The observations targeted two positions within the brightest oxygen-rich feature in G292.0+1.8 . Emission lines of [Ne II] λ12.8, [Ne III] λλ15.5,36.0, [Ne V] λ24.3 and [O IV] λ25.9 μm are detected from th...

this paper estimates the determinants of inflation in iran using a linear and non- linear regression model over the period 1959-2008. in the model specification, the conventional variables (liquidity, production and exchange rate) as well as positive and negative oil revenue shocks, monetary disequilibrium, and demand gap are considered. the results show that nonlinear time series regression mo...

a central problem ill empirical macroeconomics is to determine when and how much the exchange rate is misaligned. this paper clarifies and calculates the concept of’ the equilibrium real exchange rate, using a structural vector auto regression (var) model. by imposing long—run restrictions on a var model for iran, lour structural shocks are identified: nominal demand, real demand, supply and oi...