objective: to evaluate the efficacy of in vitro sperm activation (isa) using non-liquefied versus liquefied asthenozoospermic semen samples for improvement of sperm parameters. materials and methods: fifty six oligoasthenozoospermic (oa) patients (age range: 22-44 years; mean: 32.089 years) were enrolled in this study. oa patients were classified according to type of infertility. also, duration...

traumatic brain injury (tbi) is caused by rapid deformation of the brain, resulting in a cascade of pathological events and ultimately neurodegeneration. in vitro models of tbi can help us to describe the pathobiological mechanisms. in vitro models of brain injury support a platform for performing repeatable, well-controlled, environmentally isolated experiments. other advantages of in vitro mo...

the fracture resistance of all-ceramic restorations is one of the major concerns in clinical applications of these materials. before initiating a time-consuming and costly clinical investigation, an in vitro study can help to estimate the in vivo usability of a new dental material. mechanical properties of all-ceramic materials are frequently evaluated to predict their clinical performance. sin...

Background Male infertility management has made significant progress during the past three decades, especially after the introduction of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in 1992. However, many boys and men still suffer from primary testicular failure due to acquired or genetic causes. New and novel treatments are needed to address these issues. Spermatogenesis originates from spermatogon...

tarnish and corrosion behavior of three commercial dental amalgams namely am.1, am.2, am.3, have been investigated by utilizing in vitro tests. the corrosion and/or dissolution rate of the three dental amalgams were studied in 0.9 wt% nacl solution, artificial saliva and ringers solution. potentiodynamic polarization technique was employed to study cathodic and anodic polarization behavior, fro...

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of follicular size (small,

Background: In the last few years, a marked decrease in male fertility has been reported. Environmental factors were recently suspected for this problem. The misuse of medicines especially antibiotics are among environmental factors that can affect reproductive system. Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic antibacterial agent belonging to the family of fluoroquinolones with a very broad spectrum effect ...

Background: While assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) are considered to be safe, many concerns exist about the safety of these techniques. Two important and indispensable parts of these techniques are in vitro culture and vitrification. While much progress has been made in developing culture conditions, it remains suboptimal. In order to investigate the effect of culture medium on in vitro ...