Accurate estimating is one of the most important activities in the field of software project management. Different aspects of software projects must be estimated among which time and effort are of significant importance to efficient project planning. Due to complexity of software projects and lack of information at the early stages of project, reliable effort estimation is a challenging issue. ...

Background and Objectives: Quality services delivery in the health settings is contingent on hospital administrative staff organizational commitment. Inspired by previous research indicating the prominent role of psychological empowerment in organizational commitment, this study aimed to explore the relationship between the two variables in hospital administrative staff. Methods: A random sam...

literary commitment is an imported concept from western literary review which has found great place among arab scholars and critics in the last decades, because the critical, political, economic and cultural conditions of arab world and the domination of cruelty and exploitation caused the writers and poets to accompany the revolution of innocent countries. farouq jowaida, an egypt poet, is one...

It has been well established in the software process improvement (SPI) literature and practice that without management commitment to SPI the initiative will most likely fail or the results are not far reaching. Three forms of commitment are introduced: affective, continuance and normative. Analysis shows that current models of management commitment development lack scientific validity and are b...

Accurate estimating is one of the most important activities in the field of software project management. Different aspects of software projects must be estimated among which time and effort are of significant importance to efficient project planning. Due to complexity of software projects and lack of information at the early stages of project, reliable effort estimation is a challenging issue. ...

Having considered current reports concerning plagiarisms taking place in the global science community, the authors decided to address the principal reasons, which lead to these illegalities. In recent years, misconduct in research, such as plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, guest author, ghost author, self-citation, etc. have been increasing significantly in scientific papers, proving a la...

Mergers have played a relevant role in the business development of many agri-food cooperatives and led to consolidation large cooperative groups which are leaders their respective sectors. However, merger processes undertaken fail: some aborted at negotiation stage, others not approved by members. These failures entail financial social costs due frustrated expectations time invested process. Th...