BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The intraluminal thread model for middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) has gained increasing acceptance. Numerous modifications have been reported in the literature, indicating that the technique has not been standardized. The present study was performed to evaluate and optimize the reliability of this model. METHODS One hundred Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to ...

Cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) is an acute cerebrovascular disease that caused by the sudden rupture of blood vessels inside brain and intervention reperfusion to brain, resulting in severe cerebral injury. Autophagy has been reported be involved occurrence progression CIS. Betulinic acid (BA) a pentacyclic triterpene mainly extracted from birch bark. Studies have shown neuroprotective effects ...

Introduction: Prolonged and intermittent oxygen pre-exposure is associated with protection against ischemic reperfusion (IR) injury. In the current study, attempts were made to investigate the relationship between exposure to prolonged and intermittent normobaric hyperoxia (NBHO) and expression of excitatory amino acids transporters (EAATs) and TNF-α level. Method: Rats were divided into fo...

Multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) is a key technology for extremely large, ground-based telescopes (ELT's) because it enables near-uniform atmospheric turbulence compensation over elds-of-view considerably larger than can be corrected with more conventional AO systems. Quantitative performance evaluation using detailed analytical or simulation models is diÆcult, however, due to the very la...

Calbindin is a calcium binding protein that controls intracellular calcium levels and has a neuroprotective function against apoptotic stimuli. We investigated the expression of calbindin in ischemic brain injury. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced in male rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and cerebral cortices were collected 24 h after MCAO. Cerebral ischemia significantly incre...

Dynamin-like protein I (DLP-1) is an important mitochondrial fission and fusion protein that is associated with apoptotic cell death in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated DLP-1 expression in a focal cerebral ischemia animal model and glutamate-exposed hippocampal-derived cell line. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was surgically induced in adult male rats to induc...

Background and Purpose—The present study was performed to determine the role of a4 (CD49d), a member of the integrin family of adhesion molecules, in ischemic brain pathology. Methods—Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) or Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 60-minute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 23-hour reperfusion. Animals were injected intravenously with 2.5 mg/kg ant...

Stroke results in damages to many biochemical, molecular and behavioral deficits. Present study provides evidence of the protective efficacy of a Unani herbal medicine, Majun Khadar (MK), against cerebral ischemia-induced behavioral dysfunctions and neurochemical alterations in the hippocampus (HIP). Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced for 2 h followed by reperfusion for 22 h in a rat...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Interstrain differences in the temporal evolution of ischemia after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats may considerably influence the results of experimental stroke research. We investigated, in 2 commonly used rat strains (Sprague-Dawley [SD] and Wistar-Kyoto [WK]), the spatiotemporal evolution of ischemia after permanent suture MCAO using diffusion and perf...

Partial exchange transfusion with a cell-free hemoglobin (Hb) polymer during transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) reduces infarct volume but fails to increase blood flow, as might be expected with the induced decrease in hematocrit. In ischemic brain, endothelin antagonists are known to produce vasodilation. In nonischemic brain, pial arterioles constrict after Hb exchange transfus...