The utilization of VoIP (Voice over IP) in UMTS networks requires the establishment of adequated rules in order to maximize the efficiency of transmission over the air interface. Here we will describe a technique, based on the reduction of voice packet overhead, with the objective of minimizing the power expended during a typical conversation.

Existing microstructure literature cannot explain the empirical evidence that bid-ask spreads can decrease with information asymmetry and ignores either information asymmetry or inventory risks. We develop a market making model that highlights the asset pricing impact of market makers’ capability of making offsetting trades in markets where both information asymmetry and inventory risk are sign...

In this paper, a multicast scheme for UMTS which only requires insignificant modifications in the current UMTS network infrastructure is analyzed. We analytically present the multicast routing mechanism behind our scheme as well as the multicast group management functionality of it. Furthermore, we present an evaluation of our scheme in terms of its performance. The critical parameters for the ...

(1) a. Velar Palatalisation (velars change into postalveolars) : kU c] ruk­a ‘hand (  ) ’ – ruc) ­is) c) ­a (  ), ruc) ­ en’k­a (  ) b. Affricate Palatalisation (affricates become postalveolar) : tsU c] konets ‘end’ – konc) ­i­t’ ‘ to finish’ otets ‘father’ – otc) ­estv­o ‘patronymic’ c. Iotation (many disparate changes of consonants) : tU c] s) ut ‘ joker’ – s) uc) ­u ‘...

‎let $i$ denote an ideal of a noetherian ring $r$‎. ‎the purpose of‎ ‎this article is to introduce the concepts of quintasymptotic‎ ‎sequences over $i$ and quintasymptotic cograde of $i$‎, ‎and to show that they play a role analogous to quintessential sequences‎ ‎over $i$ and quintessential cograde of $i$‎. ‎we show that‎, ‎if $r$ is‎ ‎local‎, ‎then the quintasymptotic cograde of $i$ is una...

In this paper, we present a successful experimental validation of the velocity optimization for cable car passing over support. We apply theoretical strategy developed in previous work, refined by taking into account simple manner hauling dynamics. The experiments at ropeway Postal–Verano (South Tirol, Italy) have shown significant reduction pendulum angle amplitude both descent and ascending r...

In this paper, we study how to efficiently and reliably detect active devices estimate their channels in a multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) based grant-free non-orthogonal multiple access system enable massive machine-type communication (mMTC). First, by exploiting the correlation of channel frequency responses across OFDM subcarriers, propose blo...