The total replacement value of the US transmission lines alone (excluding land) is conservatively estimated at over $100 billion dollars [1] and triples when including transformers and circuit breakers. Investment in new transmission equipment has significantly declined over the past 15 years. Some of the equipment is well beyond intended life, yet is operated under increasing stress, as load g...

It is well known that the reserves/redundancies built into the transmission grid in order to address a variety of contingencies over a long planning horizon may, in the short run, cause economic dispatch inefficiency. Accordingly, power grid optimization by means of short term line switching has been proposed and is typically formulated as a mixed integer programming problem by treating the sta...

In this paper a new and efficient method for the reliable load flow solution of power network branches controlled by flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) is presented. In the various methods proposed in past, the formulations was derived in which the Jacobian matrix is in UDU form, where U is a constant upper triangular matrix depending solely on system topology and D is a block diagonal ma...

the new competitive environment changes the paradigm of power system operation. in the transmission area, open access process provides fair accessibility for all market participants. congestion management is one of the most important side effects of this new process. this paper proposes a new approach for congestion management which is based on both active and reactive re-dispatch of the networ...

Environmental pollution and rapid depletion are among the chief concerns about fossil fuels such as oil, gas, and coal. Renewable energy sources do not suffer from such limitations and are considered the best choice to replace fossil fuels. The present study develops a mathematical model for optimal allocation of regional renewable energy to meet a country-wide demand and its other essential as...

The electrical power industry experiences nowadays a significant need in modern techniques for increasing the capability of power transmission systems. The reason for this lies in growing power flows, caused by ris¬ ing power consumption, and in the deregulation of the electrical market, where power flows should be more flexible. These factors demand more transmission capability from the existi...