This study was conducted to compare the impact of two vocabulary learning techniques, namely context learning and translation learning, on vocabulary recall of sixty pre-university Iranian learners of English as a foreign language. They were divided into two groups of high and low proficient. In regard to two vocabulary learning conditions, each group was divided into two subgroups of fifteen. ...

Abstract It is of great significance to identify all types domestic garbage quickly and intelligently improve people's quality life. Based on the visual analysis feature map changes in different neural networks, a Skip-YOLO model proposed for real-life detection, targeting problem recognizing with similar features. First, receptive field enlarged through large-size convolution kernel which enha...

The present study is an attempt to shed light on the effect of Dynamic Assessment (DA) on diagnosing and developing the receptive vocabulary abilities of upper-intermediate learners learning English as a foreign language. Fifty L2 leaners participated in the First Certificate in English test and completed Vocabulary Knowledge Scale. Out of 50 students, ten learners who were identified as being ...

We assessed the language, cognitive, and socioemotional abilities of 27 internationally adopted children from China, adopted by French-speaking parents, 12 of whom had been assessed previously by Gauthier and Genesee. The children were on average 7 years, 10 months old and were matched to nonadopted monolingual French-speaking children on age, gender, and socioeconomic status. Although there we...

The highly specific relationships between parallel fiber (PF) and climbing fiber (CF) receptive fields in Purkinje cells and interneurons suggest that normal PF receptive fields are established by CF-specific plasticity. To test this idea, we used PF stimulation that was either paired or unpaired with CF activity. Conspicuously, unpaired PF stimulation that induced long-lasting, very large incr...

We studied the effects of various patterns as contextual stimuli on human orientation discrimination, and on responses of neurons in V1 of alert monkeys. When a target line is presented along with various contextual stimuli (masks), human orientation discrimination is impaired. For most V1 neurons, responses elicited by a line in the receptive field (RF) center are suppressed by these contextua...

Natural scenes contain richer perceptual information in their spatial phase structure than their amplitudes. Modeling phase structure of natural scenes may explain higher-order structure inherent to the natural scenes, which is neglected in most classical models of redundancy reduction. Only recently, a few models have represented images using a complex form of receptive fields (RFs) and analyz...

Psychophysical and neurophysiological studies indicate that during the preparation of saccades, visual processing at the target location is facilitated automatically by the deployment of attention. It has been assumed that the neural mechanisms involved in presaccadic shifts of attention are purely spatial in nature. Saccade preparation modulates the visual responses of neurons within extrastri...

When a neuron could be recorded stably for sufficient time we verified our hand-plotted estimates of receptive field location using an automated stimulus presentation/response collation system (see Supplementary Methods online). As illustrated by the examples shown in Supplementary Figure 1, the two methods of estimating receptive field location show a close correspondence. We measured the disc...