A large-scale prospective study was conducted in 3810 Japanese elderly (> or =65 years old) patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who had been treated with sustained-release theophylline tablets (THEODUR) at a dose of 400 mg/day for 1-6 months, in principle. Among 3798 protocol-complying patients (mean age: 73.8 +/- 0.10 years, 1997 with COPD), 261 theophylline-re...

PURPOSE To evaluate the impact of nocturia on health-related quality of life and sleep in men. METHODS From January 2008 to December 2008, 284 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms were selected for this study. The participants completed a series of questionnaires on health-related quality of life (the overactive bladder questionnaire, or OAB-q), the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) sleep sc...

Sleep is composed of an alternating sequence of REM and non-REM episodes, but their respective roles are not known. We found that the overall firing rates of hippocampal CA1 neurons decreased across sleep concurrent with an increase in the recruitment of neuronal spiking to brief "ripple" episodes, resulting in a net increase in neural synchrony. Unexpectedly, within non-REM episodes, overall f...

In a patient with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and strokelike episodes (MELAS), both T2- and diffusion-weighted MR imaging revealed lesions as hyperintense areas in the occipital lobes early after strokelike episodes. In these lesions, no significant reduction in apparent diffusion coefficient was noted. Apparent diffusion coefficient mapping may help to differentiat...

Comparison and reminding have both been shown to support learning and transfer. Comparison is thought to support transfer because it allows learners to disregard non-matching features of superficially different episodes in order to abstract the essential structure of concepts. Remindings promote memory for the individual episodes and generalization because they prompt learners to retrieve earli...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To compare the frequency of daytime and nocturnal cardiac arrhythmias and ST-segment depression episodes among patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), snoring subjects, and healthy subjects, and to analyze the relationship between the cardiac disturbances, sleep characteristics, and sympathetic tone in patients with OSAHS. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS T...

conclusions evidence-based post-insertion recommended care practices were not consistently and uniformly implemented in the intensive care units. establishment of a program for the surveillance of adherence to recommended guidelines is required for improving compliance by health professionals and the quality of preventive care. background healthcare-associated infections (hais) are acquired by ...

Background Causative factors may be different for the very first onset of symptoms of the 'disease' of low back pain (LBP) than for ensuing episodes that occur after a pain-free period. This differentiation hinges on a life-time absence of low back pain at first onset and short-term absence for further episodes. In this systematic review, we explored whether researchers make these distinctions ...

Several articles have appeared over the last years devoted to mental side effects during zonisamide (ZNS) treatment. In this study, we were particularly interested in psychotic episodes. Seventy-four epileptic patients with a history of ZNS treatment were surveyed retrospectively over the period spanning 1 March 1984 to 30 June 1994. They were divided into two groups according to the presence o...