pair and small group work is infrequently welcomed in english as a foreign language (efl) classes under the assumption that students tend to use their first language (l1), which is considered detrimental to learning the new language. from sociocultural perspective, however, students’ first language is claimed to play the role of an important psychological tool and can facilitate the learning pr...

This study attempted to compare the relative frequency of the occurrence of Language Related Episodes (LREs) in the dyadic talks of pairs who were homogeneous and heterogeneous in terms of English proficiency.  LREs are those parts of the conversations where the interlocutors explicitly focus on linguistic form. The study was carried out with 60 Iranian university students of teaching English a...

the aim of this study was to determine the incidence and causes of fever as a major problem contributing to transplantation related mortality among patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) and evaluation of antibiotic use, according to reliable guidelines.we retrospectively reviewed hospital records of 195 adult patients who underwent hsct between 2009-2011 at hematolo...

Background: Injury is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. There is insufficient data on the epidemiology or incidence of injuries in the first two years of life, especially in Iran. The main objective of this study was to describe the incidence and causes of injuries in a sample group of infants and toddlers in Mashhad, Iran. Methods: This prospective, observational study, ...