the law of prohibition of unfair competition prohibits any deed or action which is against the normal competition in the market. before emergence of special laws for protection of intellectual property rights, including trademarks, such right could be protected either by tort law claims or law of unfair competition. however, the law of prohibition of unfair competition covers a wider area than ...

introduction one of the most important factors that encourages consumers to purchase goods or use services, and make them choose one of them among various goods and services, is the design of products and services or their packaging. due to this importance, intellectual property rights protect the design of goods and services or their packaging. however, this protection is not limited to one br...

although intellectual property rights (iprs) in this era specially after the constitution of world trade organization (wto) have been concerned from economic and commercialization point of view, human rights perspective to iprs has been increased and so, human rights groups have highlighted certain challenges between iprs and human rights, have tried to adjust economic perspective and have soug...

this paper examines the relationship between environmental law and intellectual property law in light of international documents and procedures. the key question raised here is the role of intellectual property law in conservation of global environment. in this regard, we can express two general approaches: the neutral theory of intellectual property right and the systemic theory of intellectua...

public order, as a principle in the framework of national laws, is a tool for protecting private and public interests in a society. observance of the norms and public order in any jurisdiction is important as far as the the influence of this chariness on contracts in the field of private international laws is undeniable. with the formation of new rights such as intellectual property rights in t...

Background: For several centuries, there has been a debate about the dimensions of intellectual property to support the thinkers of society and prevent their exploitation. Unfortunately, this invisible and powerful asset is increasingly vulnerable. Therefore, establishing favorable regulations, guaranteeing proper criminal enforcement and effective enforcement of laws in order to protect these ...