The reliability of measurements of plasma osmolality is known to be biased by technical artifacts, such as the anticoagulant and the osmometric technique used; the resulting measurement errors therefore may cause errors in interpretation of data. In assessing the potential biasing influence of procedural variables, we found that the temperature at which fresh plasma samples were stored, the dur...

The determination of trace elements using stripping voltammetry may be seriously affected by the presence of intensive matrix background or interfering peaks, leading to poorer detection limits and/or inaccurate quantitative results. In this work, we have tested the use of signal transformation (e.g., second derivative) in the analysis of platinum in seawater and sediment digests by means of ca...

Accurate surface temperature retrieval using thermal infrared observations from satellites is important for surface energy balance modeling; however it is difficult to achieve without proper correction for atmospheric effects. Typically the atmospheric correction is obtained from radiosonde profiles and a radiative transfer model (RTM). But rigorous RTM processing is impractical for routine con...

Wake-sleep (W-S) states are affected by thermoregulation. In particular, REM sleep (REMS) is reduced in homeotherms under a thermal load, due to an impairment of hypothalamic regulation of body temperature. The aim of this work was to assess whether osmoregulation, which is regulated at a hypothalamic level, but, unlike thermoregulation, is maintained across the different W-S states, could infl...

Rebalancing water allocation between human consumptive uses and the environment in water catchments is a global challenge. This paper proposes a socio-hydrological water balance framework by partitioning catchment total evapotranspiration (ET) into ET for society and ET for natural ecological systems, and establishing the linkage between the changes of water balance and its social drivers and r...

in this research, controlling factors affecting salinity of groundwater in mond aquifer, bushehr province, was studied. electrical conductivity of water supply wells is varied between 1727 to more than 6000µs. negative water balance is governed to aquifer because of two separate water exploitation zones. lithology of surrounding formations, salt dome, saltwater intrusion and return flow of irri...

Freshwater (FW) teleosts are capable of acclimating to seawater (SW) following such a transfer from FW. However, their osmoregulating mechanisms are still unclear, particularly those in the brain. The present study was conducted to examine acute changes that occur in brain Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity, creatine kinase (CK) activity, creatine, creatinine contents, and ATP levels of tilapia (Oreoch...

We have examined the osmoregulatory capacities of laboratory populations of the insect Drosophila melanogaster by measuring hemolymph osmotic concentration during desiccation and upon recovery from a bout of desiccation. Recovery treatments entailed allowing the flies access to distilled water, a saline solution or a saline+sucrose solution after a desiccation bout shown to reduce hemolymph vol...