Abiotic stress can alter key physiological constituents and functions in green plants. Improving the capacity to monitor this response in a non-destructive manner is of considerable interest, as it would offer a direct means of initiating timely corrective action. Given the vital role that plant pigments play in the photosynthetic process and general plant physiological condition, their accurat...

We propose the use of dynamic circuits for quenching avalanche events in single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays. Two area-efficient, circuit solutions are presented in 0.35μm CMOS technology. These circuits contain no passive elements and consume shoot-through current only at triggering instants. The resulting reduction in power consumption and supply noise is essential to formation of lar...

Although maize (Zea mays L.) routinely experiences both intraand interspecific competition for limited resources, most plant-plant interaction studies have principally focused on maize-weed interactions. Thus very few investigations have considered the impacts of plant crowding and nitrogen (N) availability on maize intra-specific competition. The primary objective of this two-year field study ...

A shared well 4x4 SPAD array test structure with 3m pitch is realized in a 130nm CMOS image sensor technology. The SPADs have 150Hz median DCR at room temperature at 1V excess bias, 15% peak PDP and 176ps FWHM timing jitter both at 3V excess bias.

A shared well 4x4 SPAD array test structure with 3m pitch is realized in a 130nm CMOS image sensor technology. The SPADs have 150Hz median DCR at room temperature at 1V excess bias, 15% peak PDP and 176ps FWHM timing jitter both at 3V excess bias.

InP-based single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) have proven to be the most practical solution currently available for many applications requiring high-performance photon counting at near-infrared wavelengths between 1.0 and 1.6 μm. We describe recent progress in the design, characterization, and modeling of InP-based SPADs, particularly with respect to the dark count rate vs. photon detection ...

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