Introduction Climate change is one of the most pressing problems facing humanity today. As scientific evidence continues to accumulate, it is becoming increasingly apparent that climate change constitutes a dangerous threat to present and future generations and requires an urgent global response. The growing acceptance of this reality has arguably resulted in a shift in global consciousness. In...

Food security and economic welfare strongly depend on agricultural production, the loss of this production can be a serious challenge for food security and economic welfare. Agricultural production is also influenced by environmental and climatic factors so that the variations of climatic parameters can trigger extensive fluctuations in agricultural production. This study classifies climate cha...

I am a biologist turned social scientist conducting research on climate change from a science studies perspective and more recently with respect to climate change impacts assessment. In the early to mid-1990s I spent several months working at the Hadley Centre of the UK Meteorological Oμ ce, as well as visiting a number of other major climate modelling groups in the USA and Germany. In this bri...

Typically, cost–benefit analysis (CBA) has suggested ‘optimal’ carbon tax regimes that result in a global temperature rise of around 3 °C, or even eventually (post-2100) 4 °C, above preindustrial levels. However, risk analysis approaches indicate that these levels of temperature rise result in climate change impacts that pose a high or very high level of risk to society and ecosystems1 (Fig. 1)...

Industrialization and increasing demand for the consumption of fossil fuels cause that energy becomes a strategic factor. Energy crisis and the emergence of modern architecture led designers to pay more attention to the important task of building's envelope. Building skins play an important role in building thermal behavior and reduce energy consumption. If Double Skin Facades properly designed...

introduction land use change and climate change are the major concerns in the global environment. many environmental parameters affect the behavior of the earth’s climate system and its terrestrial components. effects of land use and land cover changes have direct influences on climate changes. now, climate change is known widely as a global health problem that has adverse impacts on natural an...

Petroleum (crude oil) is one of the most important resources of energy and its demand and consumption is growing while it is a non-renewable energy resource. Hence forecasting of its demand is necessary to plan appropriate strategies for managing future requirements. In this paper, three types of time series methods including univariate Seasonal ARIMA, Winters forecasting and Transfer Function-...

agricultural sector will be most affected by climate change due to its extensive interaction with the environment. and as a result of changing production conditions, community welfare is changed. this study attempted at understanding the welfare effects of changes in climate parameters on the wheat product. therefore, the yield functions were initially estimated. supply, demand and import funct...