.................................................... 1 1. Botching a Delicate Balance ....................................................................................................... 2 2. Unilateral Responses to the Intellectual Anti-Commons............................................................. 3 3. Government and Industry-Led Collective Approaches to Solving the Anti-Commons .......

The Indian agrarian economy on the eve of independence was critical in situation. It could be characterized totally primitive, deteriorative and turbulent. During the British imperial regime, no pervasive and conductive measures were taken to boost the agriculture. The partition of country worsened the food situation in the country. This reduced the agricultural production and created difficult...

Agriculture is critical for human welfare, providing food, employment, income, and assets. In the past, agricultural research and development largely focused on improving production, productivity, and profitability of agricultural enterprises. Nutrition and other benefits of agriculture were not always optimized, while the negative impacts on health, well-being, and the environment were often i...

West Africa is vulnerable to the effects of climate change. This paper analyzed the impacts of climate change on economic growth in Anglophone West Africa with similar background, during the periods 1969-2016. Five growth model equations have been developed to incorporate climate change variables into the model. Panel data estimations such as the fixed effect model, random effect model and Haus...

Agriculture is a principal source of livelihood for the Tanzanian population. Agriculture provides more than two-thirds of employment and almost half of Tanzania‘s GDP.1 Women play an essential role in agricultural production. The sector is characterized as female-intensive, meaning that women comprise a majority of the labor force in agriculture (54%).2 Agriculture also comprises a greater par...

Abstract In order to study energy consumption in Iran's agricultural sector, a Genetic algorithm concept was used to calculate significant factors affecting energy consumption between 1974 and 2008. Then, durability or "stability" of variables was assessed through econometric method (Augmented Dickey-Fuller test). In addition, long-term and short-term relationships of energy consumption were es...

The food sector is one of the most important sectors of the economy, encompassing agriculture, the food industry, retail, and eventually, all members of society as consumers. With its responsibility of serving consumers with food that is safe, readily available, affordable and of the quality and diversity consumers expect, the food sector needs to be efficient, to build on an appropriate organi...

The paper provides descriptive analyses of the EU New Member States agriculture over the period from 2000 to 2011. In 2004 and 2007, twelve New Member States (NMS) joined the European Union, which has offered several possibilities and challenges to the newcomers. The aim of the paper is to discuss development of agriculture in the EU New Member States. We evaluate the status of this sector as w...