selective estrogen receptor modulators (serms) such as raloxifene have already shown beneficial effects on negative, positive and general psychopathology symptoms in postmenopausal women with schizophrenia. the purpose of the present investigation was to assess the efficacy of raloxifene as an adjuvant agent in the treatment of men with chronic schizophrenia in an 8-week double-blind and placeb...

Postural instability is one of the hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate and analyze objectively the effect of different sensory and motor components on postural instability in PD and to determine the validity of using different scales as the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Push and Release test as val...

onveying a strong message within a language stems from not only a linguistically appropriate utterance but also a pragmatically appropriate discourse. Broadly considering various facets of pragmatics, pragmatic assessment has not been potentially brought into perspective. To address this discourse gap, this study, guided by the principles of mixed-method design, pursued three purposes: ...

Pragmatic rating is considered as one of the novel and crucial aspects of second language education which has not been maneuvered upon in the literature. To address this gap, the current study aimed to inspect the matches and mismatches, to explore rating variations, and to assess the rater consistency between the holistic and analytic rating methods of the speech act of agreement in L2 by non-...

This study sought to clarify the micro-process of Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) by using the Functional Analytic Psychotherapy Rating Scale (FAPRS) to code every client and therapist turn of speech over the course of successful treatment of an individual meeting diagnostic criteria for depression and histrionic personality disorder. Treatment consisted of cognitive behavioral therapy ...

BACKGROUND The Bipolar Depression Rating Scale is an instrument to measure depression severity in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder. This study has reevaluated the psychometric values of the Bipolar Depression Rating Scale through assessing an Iranian sample of patients with bipolar depression. METHODS A total of 60 patients (36 males and 24 females) with bipolar depression referred to...

Industry-wide, there is a trend toward making outcome evaluation a routine part of therapeutic services. Although various multidimensional assessments of outcome are valid and reliable, their methodological complexity, length of administration, and cost often render them infeasible for many service providers and settings. The present article describes the development and validation of an ultra-...

We propose a relative estimation method for subjective age, imaged by ourselves, using peoples’ facial images and their chronological (real) age. We experimented with a rating scale for facial images which stimulated subjects. The subject evaluated an image as looking older than themselves with a range of responses. Finding an approximation curve of this range, the zero crossing point in the ap...

Objective The study was conducted to determine the perceptions of nurses regarding spirituality and spiritual care. Design This descriptive‐type study was carried out in three hospitals in a province in the west of Turkey. The study’s population was made up of 733 nurses working in these hospitals and the sample consisted of 289 nurses who agreed to take part in the study. The data were collect...

objective: conners adult adhd rating scale (caars) is among the valid questionnaires for evaluating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. the aim of this paper is to evaluate the validity of the estimation of missed answers in scoring the screening version of the conners questionnaire, and to extract its principal components. method: this study was performed on 400 participants. a...