Much attention has been paid of late to teachers’ contributions to student gains (Rivkin, Hanushek, & Kain, 2005; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 2010), but how big of an impact do principals have on student achievement? Compared to the research on teacher quality, the literature on the characteristics of effective principals has remained relatively untapped until quite recently (Branch, Hanus...

Growing usage of animals in the research projects has drawn more attention to their welfare and ethics surrounding this practice. Dissemination of information about the existing ethical consideration and alternatives in animal experiments has two important functions; first, it increases the researcher's awareness of the possible methods of using animals in the experiment, and second, to ensure ...

The Competencies of High School Principals in District Four of Mashhad H. Ekrami, M.A. V. Hoshyar, Ph.D. The present study was conducted to identify the competencies of high school principals, propose a competency model, and validate the model. The research was carried out in district four of Mashhad in 2015 and examined two questions: 1.What are the dimensions and components o...

This study aims to determine the strategic management of improving quality education in Integrated Islamic Elementary School Cordova Samarinda. In this qualitative study, data were obtained through in-depth interviews with school principals, vice principals for curriculum, student affairs and teachers. Data collected by observation, interview documentation methods then analyzed using an interac...

OBJECTIVE To determine the status of gardens in California schools. DESIGN A self-administered Internet and mailed survey was sent to all California principals (N = 9805). PARTICIPANTS 4194 California school principals. VARIABLES MEASURED School garden practices, attitudes associated with the use of gardens in schools, and perceptions of barriers to having and using school gardens in acad...