We used conventional ozonation and the AOP O3/H2O2 to estimate the required energy to achieve the desired pre-defined level of oxidation of target organic micropollutants by hydroxyl radicals. We used the probe compound para-chloro benzoic acid (pCBA) to assess the fraction of OH available for oxidation of micropollutants. pCBA reacts slowly with O3 but reacts very fast with OH (kOH,pCBA = 5 x ...

Kinetic investigation in Ru(III) catalyzed oxidation of D(+)-galactose and lactose in an alkaline solution of potassium bromate in the presence of mercuric acetate as a scavenger for Br – ion has been carried out in the temperature range 30-45°C. The rate shows first order dependence with respect to the bromate and zeroth order with respect to the substrate (sugars). The reaction exhibits first...

Two sensitive spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of lansoprazole (LPZ) in bulk drug and in capsule formulation. The methods are based on the oxidation of lansoprazole by insitu generated bromine followed by determination of unreacted bromine by two different reaction schemes. In one procedure (method A), the residual bromine is treated with excess of iron (II), and t...

Many oxidized pollutants, such as nitrate, perchlorate, bromate, and chlorinated solvents, can be microbially reduced to less toxic or less soluble forms. For drinking water treatment, an electron donor must be added. Hydrogen is an ideal electron donor, as it is non-toxic, inexpensive, and sparsely soluble. We tested a hydrogen-based, hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) for reduction ...

This method is suitable for the determination of bromate residues in a variety of baked goods. The peer-verified method trial was performed on white bread, multigrain bread, and coffee cake spiked with known levels of potassium bromate. The analytical portion is extracted with deionized water to remove bromate from the bulk of the baked product. The aqueous extract is carried through a series o...

The kinetics of the oxidation of Ru (III) catalyzed oxidation of tartaric acid by potassium bromate in aqueous perchloric acid medium at constant ionic strength was investigated in the temperature range 303318 K. The reactions exhibit first order kinetics at low concentration of bromate, tending to zero order at high concentration. Zero order kinetics with respect to [tartaric acid] and first o...

A method for the determination of total mercury in rat adipose tissue by cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVAFS) has been developed. Adipose samples were initially subjected to a lyophilization procedure in order to facilitate the homogenization and accurate weighing of small tissue aliquots (approximately 50 mg). A closed vessel microwave digestion procedure using a mixture of sul...

BACKGROUND: Since THMs were first discovered in drinking water in the early 1970s, DBP issues have become a major regulatory driving force in the United States. To date, more than 600 DBPs have been identified in drinking waters; however, only 11 DBPs (4 trihalomethanes [THMs], 5 haloacetic acids [HAAs], bromate and chlorite) are currently regulated. Available toxicological data indicates that ...

The light-sensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction with a ruthenium-based catalyst is a convenient system to study the effect of external perturbations on dynamical behavior of chemical reactions. The Ru(bpy)3Cl2 complex was first suggested as a luminescent indicator for the BZ reaction by Demas and Diemente.1 Later the reaction was found to be sensitive to visible light by Gaspar et al.,2 ...