The Russian economy has encountered substantial exchange rate volatility due to many endogenous and exogenous shocks, including the global financial crisis, sanctions, COVID-19 pandemic. These shocks tend increase economic policy uncertainty, eventually leading fluctuations. In addition, is highly exposed geopolitical risks, which also reflected in dynamics of rate. hypothesis study that respon...

Investigation of exchange rate uncertainty and inflation on investment construction companies in Iran

: 1h nmr spectra of a series of enaminones r-co-ch=c(nhch2ph)-r  [1, r=ch3; 2, r=c6h5; 3, r=cf3; 4, r=ch2ch2ch2; 5, r=ch2c(ch3)2ch2], were obtained in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid in cdcl3 or dmso-d6 at 28 °c. steric, solvent, electronic and hydrogen bonding effects on the rates of acid-catalyzed nh proton exchanges were investigated. rate constants were calculated by 1h nmr line shape ...

We present an empirical investigation of the hypotheses that exchange rate volatility may have an impact on both the volume and variability of trade flows by considering a broad set of industrial countries’ bilateral real trade flows over the period 1980–1998. Similar to the findings of earlier theoretical and empirical research, our first set of results shows that the impact of exchange rate u...

Recently, the economic crisis has resulted in instability in stock exchange market and this has caused high volatilities in stock value of exchanged firms. Under these conditions, considering uncertainty for a favorite investment is more serious than before. Multi-objective Portfolio selection (Return, Liquidity, Risk and Initial cost of Investment objectives) using MINMAX fuzzy goal programmin...