Introduction Tuberculosis, one of the oldest diseases is known to affect human and is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. The disease may be fatal within the 5 years in more than 50% of cases (1). Genitourinary tuberculosis accounts for about 15% of all extra pulmonary tuberculosis; this is usually due to hematogenous spread following primary infection and may involve any portion of genitouri...

Background: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health concern and burden on developing countries economy. Pakistan ranks in top 10 of the world with high load TB big chunk this disease process extra pulmonary (EPTB). Among sites, bone joint very common yet under reported. Recent literature has found up to 35% all cases are TB. Purpose: We aim do an analysis frequency our institut...

Lymphadenitis is the most common presentation of extra pulmonary tuberculosis, whereas gastrointestinal localization, particularly duodenal involvement, is rare. We report a case of extra pulmonary tuberculosis with association between cervical lymphadenitis and duodenitis with multiple ulcers, not responsive to treatment with protonic pump inhibitors, in a human immunodeficiency virus-seronega...

In 1994, a total of 2,074 people in Canada were diagnosed with tuberculosis, a rate of 7.1 cases per 100,000 population. The same year, tuberculosis and its late effects caused 150 deaths-just over one in every 1,400 deaths. Although tuberculosis is no longer a major health problem in Canada or a leading cause of death, some groups are particularly susceptible to the disease: Aboriginal people,...

Background: Tuberculosis is a global disease leading to cause death worldwide. The Revised National Control Programme (RNTCP), Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS), was launched reduce tuberculosis mortality, improve patient adherence treatment, and prevent the development of drug resistance. aim this study treatment outcome tuberculosis. an important indication control programme.&#x...

BACKGROUND Each follow-up during the course of tuberculosis treatment currently requires two sputum examinations. However, the incremental yield of the second sputum sample during follow-up of different types of tuberculosis patients has never been determined precisely. OBJECTIVES To assess the incremental yield of the second sputum sample in the follow-up of tuberculosis patients under the R...

The diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) remains a significant clinical difficulty, primarily because of the insufficient sensitivity of conventional bacteriologic methods for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in extrapulmonary specimens. The PCR assays innovated in the developed countries are based on the genetic make-up of strains of Mycobacterial species circulating in those r...

identification of acid-fast bacilli (afb) in sputum or tissue samples is among definite diagnostic methods of tuberculosis. however, this method of diagnosis is restricted by certain limitations.   serologic diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb) has been used for a long time. the aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity and , specificity of antigen 60 (a60) igg, iga, igm test results in tb d...