Background: Medical diagnostic procedures such as X-ray and computed Tomography (CT) scan account for considerable percent of patient's exposure to ionizing radiation. The exposure of cells to Ionization radiation results in induction of DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations. Contrast media (CM) are widely used in diagnostic radiology and CT scan. The aim of this study was to study adverse gen...

  Purpose: To recognize affective factors in delivering X-ray contrast agents (which have high atomic number) via gallium carrier to liver or lymphatic neoplasm cells.   Materials and Methods: Since uptake of gallium by liver has been reported in numerous researches, it was bonded with a contrast media (metrizoate). X-ray imaging was done to determine geometric features of liver.   Results: Rad...

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a major side effect of intravenous iodinated contrast and causes both short- and long-term adverse effects. While diagnostic and interventional procedures of brain ischemia are recently advanced, it is necessary to be cautious about its major side effect. Objectives: To evaluate CIN and its risk factors in neurology patients after brain and cer...

several mri contrast agents (cas) are used in medical diagnosis that gadolinium (gd3+) is the most widely used as contrast agents. unfortunately, its toxicity is due to its inefficiency. in this review, we discuss about the ability of spions in mri and application in multiple sclerosis diagnosis. superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (spions) such as magnetite nanoparticles are used as goo...

Objective(s): In this study, we aimed to describe the characteristics of portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT), complicating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in contrast-enhanced FDG PET/CT scan. Methods: In this retrospective study, 9 HCC patients with FDG-avid PVTT were diagnosed by contrast-enhanced fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT), which is a comb...