Abstract Søren Kierkegaard's Fear and Trembling has traditionally attracted interest from scholars of political theory for its apparent hostility to philosophy, more recently compatibility with Marxism. This paper argues a reconsideration potential contributions by suggesting that the work's shortcomings belong pseudonymous author, Johannes de Silentio, are in fact intended Kierkegaard. Attenti...

Recent feminist and gender-oriented scholarship about the Victorian sonnet has attributed a pioneering role to Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese in the nineteenth-century revival of the genre. Eminent literary critics such as Angela Leighton, Alison Chapman, and Dorothy Mermin agree that theSonnets, in Chapman’s words, ‘translate the amatory discourse of Petrarchanism int...

We present an actor-critic framework for MDPs where the objective is the variance-adjusted expected return. Our critic uses linear function approximation, and we extend the concept of compatible features to the variance-adjusted setting. We present an episodic actor-critic algorithm and show that it converges almost surely to a locally optimal point of the objective function. Index Terms Reinfo...

Inductive theorem provers often diverge. This paper describes a simple critic, a computer program which monitors the construction of inductive proofs attempting to identify diverging proof attempts. Divergence is recognized by means of a \di erence matching" procedure. The critic then proposes lemmas and generalizations which \ripple" these differences away so that the proof can go through with...

This paper presents a new method — adversarial advantage actor-critic (Adversarial A2C), which significantly improves the efficiency of dialogue policy learning in taskcompletion dialogue systems. Inspired by generative adversarial networks (GAN), we train a discriminator to differentiate responses/actions generated by dialogue agents from responses/actions by experts. Then, we incorporate the ...

The article examines the specifics of perception “And Quiet flows Don” in France, how “French” view Mikhail Sholokhov’s novel helped to popularise work Nobel laureate abroad; role French periodicals further awarding Prize writer is analysed. Russian and critic, representative literary diaspora, Vladimir S. Pozner’s response about Sholokhov 1959 for newspaper “Les Lettres françaises” becomes obj...

An online adaptive reinforcement learning-based solution is developed for the infinite-horizon optimal control problem for continuous-time uncertain nonlinear systems. A novel actor–critic–identifier (ACI) is proposed to approximate the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation using three neural network (NN) structures—actor and critic NNs approximate the optimal control and the optimal value function,...

Choosing features for the critic in actor-critic algorithms with function approximation is known to be a challenge. Too few critic features can lead to degeneracy of the actor gradient, and too many features may lead to slower convergence of the learner. In this paper, we show that a well-studied class of actor policies satisfy the known requirements for convergence when the actor features are ...

Multi-step methods are important in reinforcement learning (RL). Eligibility traces, the usual way of handling them, works well with linear function approximators. Recently, van Seijen (2016) had introduced a delayed learning approach, without eligibility traces, for handling the multi-step λ-return with nonlinear function approximators. However, this was limited to action-value methods. In thi...