We had found functions can be used to fix bits [2] by given differences. We use these functions build a message expansion function. In the message expansion function, there are some bits include message bits and incremental bits produced from message bits, these bits will be used as parameter of date-depend function. This message expansion function will fixed at lease n × 5 . 5 bits with given ...

Background: in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes has increasing potential applications in assisted reproductive technology (ART), during which germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes cultured in vitro to produce mature (MII arrested) ones. Although functional, IVM oocytes have low developmental competence compared to in vivo matured oocytes; possibly because IVM comprises asynchrony between nuclear and c...

background & aim: considering that antioxidants are known as effective free radicals scavenger, it may be able to improve the in vitro oocyte maturation and the fetal quality. this study was designed to determine the effect of gundelia tournefortii leaves (gte) hydro-alcoholic extract as a source of antioxidant on in vitro oocyte maturation. experimental: germinal vasicle (gv) were recovere...

ABSTRACT The development of Didymella rabiei on debris of naturally infected chickpea was investigated in four chickpea-growing areas with different climatic conditions in Spain during 1987 to 1992. D. rabiei extensively colonized chickpea debris and formed pseudothecia and pycnidia. Differentiation of pseudothecial initials occurred regularly across experimental locations by November, 1 month ...

22 23 The gGlycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) were modulated in porcine 24 cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) during in vitro maturation (IVM) by the addition of 25 inhibitors and stimulators of key enzymes of the pathways, with the aim of to analizing 26 analyze their participation influence on the oxidative status, mitochondrial activity and 27 maturation of the oocyte. The influ...

background: in vitro maturation (ivm) of oocytes reduces the costs and averts the side-effects of gonadotropin stimulation for in vitro fertilization (ivf). reliable ivm is an intellectual, scientific and clinical challenge with a number of potential applications. objective: the effect of hcg was evaluated on the timing and regulation of in vitro ovulation for the syrian mice oocytes in the pre...

background: leukemia inhibitory factor (lif) is a 45-56 kda glycoprotein that has an important role in proliferation and embryo implantation. its effect on oocyte maturation and how to exert the function remained to be elucidated. methods: immature mice superovulated with human menopausal gonadotropin and germinal vesicle (gv) oocytes were obtained from ovary 48 hours after. gv oocytes were cul...

background: previous studies have reported the antifertility activities of sulfonamides. this study was designed to evaluate the effects of co-trimoxazole and its co-administration with folic acid on ovarian tissue in female rats. methods: a total of 54 rats were randomly divided into 9 groups (n=6) . group i served as the control and group ii (vehicle) received saline. other groups, iii to ix,...