background in 2003 the afghan ministry of public health (moph) adopted the integrated management of childhood illness (imci) for delivering child health services in primary care facilities. key problems were subsequently identified: high cost of training, frequent health worker turnover and poor quality of imci implementation by those trained – specifically in the use of job aids and protocols ...

President Barack Obama’s strategy in Afghanistan does not pass the tests for war that he offered in his Nobel Lecture. Afghanistan is being preyed upon by a limited insurgency that feeds on Afghanistan’s poverty and desperation. Most Afghans do not support the Taliban or Al-Qaeda, but are vulnerable to their pressures. Young unemployed men often join militant factions out of the need to earn a ...

A provisional list of all the endemic vascular plant genera in SW Asia is presented. The area, here defined to include Turkey, the Caucasus, N Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan and adjacent parts of Pakistan and Central Asia, has 161 genera restricted to it. By far, the greatest numbers of the endemic genera are in Apiaceae, Brassicaceae and Asteraceae; many are morphologically isolated and occur at rand...

The major factors of insecurity in the East, away from the security of geopolitical area were because of the formation of political management in the nineteenth century colonial style. The security factor in the vast region of the East that encompasses at least three countries of Iran and Afghanistan and Pakistan is very important and highly effective. It reached its peak colonial Anglo-Russian...

T he parliamentary elections in Afghanistan were the final event of the internationally-sponsored Bonn Accords of December 2001. During the past four years, Afghanistan has made significant progress toward democracy while reconstructing the country’s political, social, and security institutions. These include adopting an enlightened constitution (January 2004), holding a successful presidential...

Afghanistan is in danger of capsizing in a perfect storm of insurgency that mimics operations and tactics witnessed in Iraq. This article assesses this insurgency and the re-emergent Taliban. The common view of the Taliban as simply a radical Afghan Islamist movement is overly simple, for that organization has been able to build on tribal kinship networks and a charismatic mullah phenomenon to ...

the people’s republic of china is an ever rising world power and islamic republic of iran is one of the most powerful countries in the persian gulf region. the ever increasing world needs for oil and the role of iran and persian gulf in satisfying this need has made these relations more significant. the foreign policy of the fifth generation of leadership in people’s republic of china towards t...