There are difficulties associated with near-real time or frequent pavement monitoring, because it is time consuming and costly. This study aimed to develop a binary logit model for the evaluation of highway riding quality, which could be used to monitor pavement conditions. The model was applied to investigate the influence of backscattering values of Phase Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture ...

Holmström [1982] showed that free-riding is inevitable in partnerships where inputs are substitutes. Legros & Matthews [1993] and Vislie [1994] showed that when inputs are strict complements (Leontief technology), free-riding can be avoided with a linear sharing rule. This paper considers the robustness and some extensions of the positive result of LMV. First, I show that LMV’s result is not ro...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to compare the effects of horseback riding exercise and trunk stability exercise on static and dynamic balance in normal adults. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-two normal adults residing in communities were randomly divided into a horseback riding exercise group and a trunk stability exercise group, and they conducted exercise for eight weeks. [Results] Sway t...

Abstract— The popularity of P2P network paradigm due to the inadequacy of the traditional client-server model to handle increasing exchange of resources amongst millions of users worldwide comes with lots of challenges. One of these challenges is the problem of free riding. Free riding has been identified as a threat to the existence of P2P networks, as it degrades utilization and network perfo...

PURPOSE Pediatric all-terrain vehicle (ATV) injuries have been increasing annually for more than a decade. The objective of this study was to describe the riding behaviors, helmet use, and crash history of young ATV riders. METHODS A 38 question self-administered survey was distributed to a convenience sample of children at 4 agricultural fairs during 2007. A total of 228 surveys were reviewe...

You probably know how to ride a bicycle, but would you even recognize the equations of bicycle motion? The equations are clearly not necessary for riding a bike, but are they sufficient? Suppose, that upon seeing your first bicycle, you had derived the equations of motion from scratch, starting with F=ma. Would you shout “Eureka” then jump on and start riding? No, the equations of motion are ir...

BACKGROUND To improve the scope of the Youth Compendium of Energy Expenditures, a range of everyday activities of varying intensity should be measured. This study measures the energy cost of children undertaking common household chores, rollerblading and riding a foot-propelled scooter. METHODS Participants were 9- to 14-year-old children. A metabolic cart was used to measure oxygen cost (VO2...

This research examined drinking driving (DD) and riding with drunk drivers (RWDD) among college students. Introduction Few efforts have examined the relationship between drinking driving and riding with drunk drivers among college students. Yu and Shacket (1) argued that drinking driving and riding with drunk drivers are two closely related behaviors since a person who would not ride with an im...

We study the formation of cartels within two di¤erent contexts. First, we consider internal-external stability based models which, due to …rms’ free-riding incentives, lead to the inexistence of stable cartels. Second, we introduce the dynamic aspect of coalition formation. That is, when considering a cartel we consider also any cartel that can be reached through a succession of moves. Despite ...