Ellsberg’s experiment is extended to study the association between ambiguity aversion and violation of reduction of compound lotteries. It is shown that the two phenomena are strongly associated. Further analysis reveals two di¤erent forms of association, which correspond to alternative theoretical models that account for ambiguity attitudes. JEL Classi…cation: D81, C91.

For our experiment on corruption, we designed a coordination game to model the influence of risk attitudes, beliefs, and information on behavioral choices and determined the equilibria. We observed that the participants’ risk attitudes failed to explain their choices between corrupt and non-corrupt behavior. Instead, beliefs appeared to be a better predictor of whether or not they would opt for...

3 We integrate appealing features of Markowitz’s mean-variance portfolio theory (MVT) 4 and Shefrin and Statman’s behavioral portfolio theory (BPT) into a new mental accounting 5 (MA) framework. Features of the MA framework include an MA structure of portfolios, 6 a definition of risk as the probability of failing to reach the threshold level in each mental 7 account, and attitudes toward risk ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the predictors of road traffic accidents (RTAs) in middle school students, a case-control study was designed to seek new clues for prevention and control on RTAs in this population. METHODS Cases were 116 students who experienced RTAs from 2005/01/01 to 2005/12/31. 116 students were served as controls who were from the same class of the cases and matched by age and se...

A simple duopoly model is used to show that the profits of both firms can rise under uncertainty if the aversions of the firms toward risk are not too asymmetric nor too pronounced. Unlike the competitive case, the assumptions of strategic substitutes and asymmetric risk attitudes can support equilibria in which one of the firms produce more under uncertainty than under certainty. We also show ...

Congestion games ignore the stochastic nature of resource delays and the risk-averse attitude of the players to uncertainty. To take these aspects into account, we introduce two variants of atomic congestion games, one with stochastic players, where each player assigns load to her strategy independently with a given probability, and another with stochastic edges, where the latency functions are...

background:   objective:   materials and methods:   results:   conclusion:   key words:   aids, pregnant women, knowledge, attitude there is an urgent need for hiv prevention efforts, such as health education and focusing on   the pregnant women in developing world. health educators should tailor education programs for women at risk, particularly those with lower education, to enhance their kno...

Background & aim: The prevalence of high-risk sexual behaviors among different social groups has been considered as a serious health-related threat in recent years. Given the importance of raising awareness and health among the youth and preventing high-risk behaviors, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of a high-risk sexual behavior prevention program via mobile applicat...

introduction: dental students are high risks persons in exposing to hepatitis b infection. dental students knowledge and attitude about hepatitis b infection is necessary for assessment the educational evaluation and supervision of dental treatments. the aim was to survey the knowledge and attitude in the final year students of dental schools in tehran regarding hepatitis b infection control an...