The American Diabetes Association (ADA) has recommended selective screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (1). Pregnant women aged 25 years, who have normal body weight, no family history of diabetes, and are not members of an ethnic/racial group with a high prevalence of diabetes, are regarded as a low-risk group for GDM and need not be screened. The effect of selective screening gui...

BACKGROUND There is a need for solid evidence of the relative advantages of universal vs. selective screening for gestational diabetes mellitus. Our study of a broad obstetric population determines the positive predictive value of the 50-g oral glucose challenge test for screening in the presence and absence of classical gestational diabetes risk factors. METHODS A retrospective cohort study ...

Japan, known as a pro-choice country in terms of abortion, is currently facing the increase of “selective abortions” thanks to new prenatal screening. Efforts to restrict proliferation of new technology has not been successful and it is likely that Japan will turn pro-life by strictly enforcing the Maternity Protection Act (MPA), which prohibits abortions due to “fetal cause”.

OBJECTIVE To estimate and compare the impact on healthcare costs of 3 alternative strategies for reducing bloodstream infections in the intensive care unit (ICU): methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nares screening and isolation, targeted decolonization (ie, screening, isolation, and decolonization of MRSA carriers or infections), and universal decolonization (ie, no screening an...

background: the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) in accordance to body mass index (bmi) is often based on studies where the calculation of bmi is frequently self-reported and is usually unreliable. we evaluated the risk of an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt) in a population where bmi was measured and selective screening for gdm was practiced. methods: we carried out a pros...

BACKGROUND No randomized, controlled trial of screening for diabetes has been conducted. In the absence of direct evidence, cost-effectiveness models may provide guidance about preferred screening strategies. OBJECTIVE To estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness of 2 diabetes screening strategies: screening targeted to people with hypertension and universal screening. DESIGN Markov model...

OBJECTIVE To examine the efficacy of a universal screening program for infant hearing. DESIGN Retrospective analysis. SETTING Tertiary care center. PATIENTS We examined 2289 (90.2%) of 2537 infants born at our institution from April 1, 1995, to June 30, 1996, for hearing loss (HL). INTERVENTIONS We used a 3-stage protocol with transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) in stages 1 a...