Over the last decades the research on monetary policy has largely concentrated on the impact of monetary authorities’ decisions on inflation and the fine-tuning of the macroeconomic, so that distributional effects of monetary policy which are non-trivial has been ignored. A view that has become increasingly popular since the financial crisis 2008 is that expansionary monetary policy can exacerb...

The essay starts positioning Simmel as a bridge between the money value theories of Menger and Mises, claiming that his contribution is important in its own right; notably, idea evolves towards more abstract forms society becomes complex. It states this trend exists course has not yet been completed. After that, Menger, Mises are succinctly described, with emphasis on contributions to Mises’ th...

In this paper, we analyze the compelling issue of monetary valuation a scientific publication. While many academic scholars tend to overlook topic, as being either too difficult or even meaningless, policymakers begin use very rough tools for evaluating publications, which have limitations, will discuss in work. The main objective work is address open problem by stimulating further discussion o...

Neural responses accompanying anticipation and experience of monetary gains and losses were monitored by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Trials comprised an initial "prospect" (expectancy) phase, when a set of three monetary amounts was displayed, and a subsequent "outcome" phase, when one of these amounts was awarded. Hemodynamic responses in the sublenticular extended amygdala (SLEA) a...

The ultimate goal of monetary policy is to achieve price stability and high output. In this regard, central banks usually change the interest rate, liquidity, and money base in order to apply monetary policies. The John B. Taylor rule is one of the rules known in the transmission of monetary policy.[1] Based on this rule and given the output gap and inflation gap, the central bank increases or ...

in this study, a macro-economic model consisting of twelve behavioral equations and fourteen identity equations was estimated with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policies set out in the fourth and fifth development plans. in the estimated model, the variables of development expenditures, current expenditures and tax revenues are used as fiscal policy tools and...

In order to select, among the range of possible protective actions, those which are consistent with the available resources and which ensure that the risks are distributed satisfactorily between individuals, the use of economic analysis (through cost-benefit analysis) was introduced in the early 1970s by the ICRP (1, 2, 3). In this perspective, the monetary value of the man-sievert appears to b...