AIMS To assess the direct costs of necessary consumables for minimal care of a child with Type 1 diabetes in countries where the public health system does not regularly provide such care. METHODS Supply costs were collected between January 2013 and February 2015 from questionnaires submitted by centres requesting International Diabetes Federation Life for a Child Program support. All 20 centr...

This paper studies how the transition from self-employment to employee-jobs over the long run of development can explain growth in income tax capacity. I construct a new database which covers 90 household surveys across countries at different income levels and 140 years of historical data within the US (1870-2010). Using these data, I first establish three new stylized facts: 1) within country,...

The study was attempted to assess the impact of viable backyard based technological interventions on rural livelihood empowerment to the farmers of four selected disadvantaged districts, viz. Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur, Malda and Murshidabad of West Bengal as a part of National Agricultural Innovation Project. The participatory and personal interview methods were followed to collect the i...

background: maternal mortality (mm) is an avoidable death andthere is national, international and political commitment to reduceit. the objective of this study is to examine the relation of mm tosocioeconomic factors and its inequality in iran’s provinces at anecologic level.methods: the overall mm from each province was considered for3 years from 2004 to 2006. the five independent variables wh...

abstract in this study, willingness to pay of 180 wheat farmers in khorasan razavi province to remove weeds in different options and different growth stages in 2008 through logarithmic regression was investigated. the results indicated that farmer's total annual income, being perennial of weeds and dummy variables percent of removing weeds in growth different stages, had positive and significan...

background: type ii diabetes is the most prevalent disease with numerous complications. adherence to treatment is an effective role on promoting health outcomes. this study aimed to assess the cognitive adaptation in treatment adherence and its relative factors in coping with disease among type ii diabetic patients. methods: this was a cross-sectional study which was conducted in 2012. study po...

The fact of growth of inequality in distribution of income both inside the national economies and between the countries is confirmed by many empirical studies. In particular, these are annual reports of the World Bank, UNIDO and European Commission. The growth of inequality in distribution of income causes social tension inside the countries and promotes conflicts between the countries. Entrepr...

BACKGROUND Drug benefit policies are an important determinant of a population's use of prescription drugs. This study was undertaken to determine whether a change in a provincial drug benefit policy, from a fixed deductible and copayment system to an income-based deductible system, resulted in changes in receipt of prescriptions for inhaled corticosteroids by Manitoba children with asthma. ME...

climate change is a phenomenon that has made the most concern in communities and decision making centers. this phenomenon has important effects on different aspects of human life. one of the most important crops that are affected by climate change is wheat. accordingly, data and information of northern khorasan have been used to study the effects of climate change on rain-fed wheat yield. for t...

During the last decade, few issues have generated as much debate among scholars, policy-makers and political activists as the relationship between economic globalization and domestic income inequality in the developed world. The central aim of this paper is to offer an empirical assessment of the impact of economic globalization on the distribution of income generated by the market and the abil...