the present study assessed the construct validity and reliability of a researcher-constructed psycho-motor mechanism scale based on the communicative theory of translation proposed by pacte (2003). in doing so, the necessary criteria for designing the scale were obtained by a thorough review of related literature on previously constructed scales in error analysis or holistic ones. moreover, in ...

When English is regarded as the lingual franca in global world, learners’ communicative competence emphasized. In China, however, most of L2 willingness to communicate and relatively low. This article focus on how improve Chinese IELTS poor classroom. I mainly use guided strategic planning narrative tasks enhance fluency complexity.

Task-based Learning is increasingly prevalent worldwide. It emphasizes on authentic language use and asks students to perform meaningful tasks. English teaching by tasks considered useful in a classroom because the are expected learn better target when used teaching. The designed establish real objectives create natural acquisition setting. Learning, often being powerful Communicative Language ...

Interlanguage pragmatics, as an inseparable part of communicative competence, has been emphasized as an ultimate objective in language learning. This study explored the perceptions of Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) students regarding interlanguage pragmatics and the impact of textbooks tasks on shaping their pragmatic competence. To accomplish this objective, 137 senior EFL student...

The paper discusses a framework for planning contributions in a spoken dialogue system, and focuses especially on the three/'s: Incrementality, Immediacy, and Interactivity. The emphasis is on communicative principles and the notion of NewInfo, or the information focus of the utterance. NewInfo provides a natural way of to conceptualize the planning process and to generate utterances on the lev...

this paper highlights the folk perception of impoliteness among ghanaians in view of watts’ (2003) notion of first order impoliteness. the study showed that impoliteness is not just an opposite of politeness, but the manifestation of non-cooperation, disapproval, and mutual antipathy through certain communicative behaviours that signal disrespect. these communicative behaviours include ‘interru...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of weblog task assessment on iranian efl learners’ reading ability. to this purpose, a group of 30 english language students (both male and female) in rozaneh language institute in najafabad were selected based on their performance on the opt. the researchers tried to select a homogeneous sample in terms of age factor and proficiency level...

While there are a wide variety of studies about communicative action theory of Habermas, there is the need for building of indicators and variables for quantitative methods of assessing this concept in a particular case study. Especially as the development of communicative action theory has created new perspectives in urban planning, it is necessary to assess and promote this concept in cities ...

Recent years have witnessed increasing interest in the potential benefits of ‘intelligent’ autonomous machines such as robots. Honda’s Asimo humanoid robot, iRobot’s Roomba robot vacuum cleaner and Google’s driverless cars have fired the imagination of the general public, and social media buzz with speculation about a utopian world of helpful robot assistants or the coming robot apocalypse! How...