Fluctuations in pupil size have been shown to reflect variations in processing demands during lexical and syntactic processing in language comprehension. An issue that has not received attention is whether pupil size also varies due to pragmatic manipulations. In two pupillometry experiments, we investigated whether pupil diameter was sensitive to increased processing demands as a result of com...

in consideration of the commitment of the agent to the contract,indirect representation is divided in two kind of direct and indirect representation. indirect representative who acts in the name of himself and on behalf of the principal is bound with the contract himself and is commited to transfer(deliver) rights of the contract to the principal,so indirect representation has an important role...

A large literature documents that initiative states choose different policies than noninitiative states, but little is known about why the policies are different. Do initiatives change policy directly by overriding representatives, or indirectly by providing a threat that alters legislative behavior? This paper develops an empirical strategy to quantify the direct and indirect effects by compar...

background: multiple sclerosis is a common and chronic neurologic disorder. this disorder imposes physical, economic, and psychosocial burden on individuals, their families and society. this study aims to analyze the costs of multiple sclerosis disease based on the severity of disability. methods: we performed a cross‑sectional cost of illness study. this study was conducted in 332 patients of ...

introduction: the restoration of endodontically treated teeth is a topic that has been studied extensively but it is still a challenge for dental practitioners. the aim of this study was to evaluate fracture resistance, fracture patterns and fracture location of endodontically treated human maxillary premolars restored with direct and indirect composite resin and ceramic restoration. methods: e...

conclusions accidents resulting in death, total disability and partial disability impose huge costs that are borne by society, and employers bear relatively low costs due to the health, treatment and welfare systems provided by society for the treatment and rehabilitation of injured workers and their families. also, the results of this study show that investment in the hse-ms is effective and a...

several procedures have been employed to examine the impacts of subsidies on different indices in an economy. this paper proposes a new approach enabling one to compare direct and indirect payments on households. to this end, the impact of government payments is examined on gross regional products, employment, income distribution and inflation of golestan province in iran through a social accou...