• Traditional approaches, including Box–Jenkins autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, autoregressive and moving average with exogenous variables (ARMAX) model, seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model, exponential smoothing models [including Holt–Winters model (HW) and seasonal Holt and Winters’ linear exponential smoothing (SHW)], state space/Kalman fi...

Background: Rapidly increasing residential electricity demand has made raising energy efficiency an important policy issue in controlling electricity demand. Methods: This study uses a stochastic frontier model to estimate the residential electricity demand function and analyse electricity energy efficiency levels and their determinants using regional data on Japan. Results: The results confirm...

while ignoring income distribution and estimating aggregate demand generally leads to aggregation bias and thus, does not reflect households’ demand properly, yet aggregation bias is rarely considered in empirical demand studies and simply is ignored in most cases. the objective of the present study is to estimate aggregation bias in households’ demand for various types of meats and to evaluate...

An integrated approach for choosing among energy supplyand demand-side measures shows that, compared to business-as-usual demand patterns, global greenhouse-gas emissions can be reduced well below current levels with net economic benefits to society. Given these findings, a 'wait-and-see' stance towards new initiatives in energy and environmental policy is not economically justifiable. Achievin...

the promotion of oil and gas industry of a country or region requires foreign and longterm investments. ensuring demand security constitutes one of the major driving forces for promoting investments in oil and gas sectors. our main question is to understand the upcoming energy demand security in the caspian markets. just like supply security, energy demand security cannot be affected mainly by ...

The study aims to estimate an international reserves demand model for China using economic growth, propensity to import, real effective exchange rate and trade openness variables for quarterly period spanning from 1985Q1 to 2014Q4.The bounds testing technique to cointegration is used to test for a long run relationship, while the autoregressive distributed lag approach is used to estimate short...

Microgrid and smart electrical grids are among the new concepts in power systems that support new technologies within themselves. Electric cars are some advanced technologies that their optimized use can increase grid efficiency. The modern electric cars sometimes, through the necessary infrastructure and proper management, can serve as an energy source to supply grid loads. This study was cond...