in order to develop an understanding of the rhetorical conventions in the persian language and to find out the metadiscursive cultural norms of iranian writers in their native language writings, it is necessary to probe into the implicit rhetorical features of academic writing which has so far eluded a comprehensive systematic characterization. metadiscourse marking, which is supposed to be one...

Item writing is a craft that is both resource intensive and time consuming. In order to minimize item exposure, computer adaptive testing requires a large number of test items for administration. As test development become more complex, demand for the quantity and quality of items far exceeds the capacity of item writers writing in the current fashion. To address the demand for items to be crea...

The English language is used as the universal to communicate with people worldwide in era of globalisation more global citizens take up a Second Language (ESL). In line that, Ministry Education (MOE) has emphasised importance especially aspect writing. This paper presents systematic literature review relevant published from 20152021, span seven years. It discusses writing approaches implemented...

This study aimed to develop the Metacognitive Skills Assessment in a Research Proposal Writing Context (MSARPW), multidimensional measure, based on student perspectives, for assessing metacognitive skills thesis writing, and assess instrument’s psychometric properties using item factor analysis (IFA) response models. The 40-item MSARPW was administered 602 Indonesian university students (Mage =...

Insight into the behavior and simpliŽ ed control of a nonlinear dynamical system can be gained by analyzing the timescale structure. Near an equilibrium point, the eigenvalues and eigenvectors for the linearized system provide the necessary information. Nonlinear systems often operate on multiple timescales away from equilibrium, but there has been no general systematic approachto determine the...