Two related attribution theories of motivation are examined. One, an intrapersonal theory, includes self-directed thoughts (particularly expectancy of success) and self-directed emotions (pride, guilt, and shame). The second is an interpersonal theory and includes beliefs about the responsibility of others and other-directed affects of anger and sympathy. These two theories are respectively gui...

Based on the belief that Koran is a guide for humans "hundanlinmas" guiding straight path. Therefore, in Qur'an there much reveals human behavior, both individual (intrapersonal) and social (interpersonal), at same time behavior divine (metapersonal).

In an elaboration ofKohufs theory, multiple sources of self-affirmation are identified and placed on a continuum that ranges from self-contained and intrapersonal sources to sources requiring interpersonal vulnerability. The multiple sources and the continuum are used to clarify healthy narcissism and narcissistic psychopathology. Narcissistic symptoms are explained as the result of a deficit i...

In the past several years, the greatest proportionate increase in AIDS diagnoses has occurred among women. Yet, while the risk of HIV infection increases, female college students continue to report inconsistent HIV prevention behaviors. Past research on condom use among college women has focused on intrapersonal aspects of the behavior, and little is known about the influence of interpersonal f...

The current study was after probing the would-be correlation between emotional intelligence (and its subcomponents), on the one hand, and metacognitive listening strategies used by academic EFL learners, on the other. Benefiting from 72 female and 40 male university students from Urmia University, Urmia Azad University and Salams Azad University, the current study also strived to find the possi...