1. Introduction Selkirk (1986) argues for the existence of a level, which she calls P-structure, that mediates between syntactic structure and phonetic representation. She claims that this P-structure is made of prosodic structures which are hierarchically ordered. That is, a phonological representation consists of a hierarchy of prosodic constituents or categories. From the bottom-up, the hier...

This article provides an overview of natural phonological processes in the dialect of Sistani Persian spoken in Iranian Sistan, and reviews theoretical implications of these processes. A representative selection of processes in the language is examined in reference to conditioning by surrounding segments and conditioning in reference to syllable structure. While assimilation and dissimilation a...

Phonology, as it is practiced, is deeply computational. Phonological analysis is data-intensive and the resulting models are nothing other than specialized data structures and algorithms. In the past, phonological computation – managing data and developing analyses – was done manually with pencil and paper. Increasingly , with the proliferation of affordable computers, IPA fonts and drawing sof...

BACKGROUND Down syndrome, phonological awareness, writing and working memory. AIM to evaluate the phonological awareness of Brazilian children with Down syndrome; to analyze the relationship between the writing hypothesis and the phonological awareness scores of the participants; to compare the performance of children with Down syndrome to that of children with typical development according t...

the coalition between terms and their meaning can be as the result of phonological repetition in its speech structure and specific semantic load. this can lead to meaning distinction in choosing words and also meaning association. therefore, literally and syntactically, the phonological level cannot be separated from semantic level. earlier, the phonological association in text has been discuss...

Objectives: In this research study, the effect of training phonological awareness skills on the improvement of auditory memory in students with spelling problems in third grade at primary schools in Sari City, Iran, was investigated.  Methods: The research method used in the study was quasi-experimental with pre-tests, post-tests, and a control group. The statistical population consisted ...