an analysis on terrorism: meaning, history, and approach on the balance, it be con said that terrorism, as a political phenomenon and a determining factor in political, social, and economic developments, has replaced the political phenomena which alread was common such as revolutions, riots, rebellions, and conflicts (total wars between two political entities or more characterised as certain id...

Emotions affect politics. So does strategic behavior. But studies of how emotions affect politics tend not to account for strategic behavior -and vice versa. Such practices limit our understanding of emotions’ political relevance. We pursue a constructive integration. Using a formal model, we identify conditions under which a strategic political leader will use fear to induce citizens to suppor...

Humans are a coalitional, parochial species. Yet, extreme actions of solidarity are sometimes taken for distant or unrelated groups. What motivates people to become solidary with groups to which they do not belong originally? Here, we demonstrate that such distant solidarity can occur when the perceived treatment of an out-group clashes with one's political beliefs (e.g., for Leftists, oppressi...

Neonatal mortality is increasingly concentrated globally in situations of conflict and political instability. In 1991, countries with high levels of political instability accounted for approximately 10% of all neonatal deaths worldwide; in 2013, this figure had grown to 31%. This has generated a "grand divergence" between those countries showing progress in neonatal mortality reduction compared...

mega city-regions or metropolitan regions- that was introduced for the first time in a cabinet article in 1995- are becoming a dominant form of human settlements both in developed and developing countries. despite of all contentious discussion on economic and demographic significance of metropolitan regions and so rationality of establishing a distinct structure for their effective management a...

Terrorism is one of many possible tactics to which actors may resort in political conflicts; however, previous studies of the strategic substitution within terrorism have primarily focused on shifts in attack modes following government countermeasures. Yet, the decision to resort to specific violent tactics can be highly complex, and will typically also depend on number of factors other than go...

There are many different lenses through which to view strategic stability in today’s world. Defining strategic very broadly to encompass nuclear, missile defenses, space, global strike, and cyber capabilities, these lenses include: the legacy of Cold War strategic stability; stability in the central bilateral strategic relationships between the United States and Russia and the United States and...