despite the consensus of jurists (fokaha) in safe custody of property (haraz) as one of the punishable conditions when the theft happens, some jurists made an exception in bird case. it means that stealing the bird would not subject to punishment namely cut off the thief's hand, even if the bird was in safe custody.  many of  fokaha, however,  believe that if the bird is in safe custody, t...

despite the consensus of jurists (fokaha) in safe custody of property (haraz) as one of the punishable conditions when the theft happens, some jurists made an exception in bird case. it means that stealing the bird would not subject to punishment namely cut off the thief's hand, even if the bird was in safe custody.  many of  fokaha, however,  believe that if the bird is in safe custody, t...

The Royal College of Psychiatrists recently issued a revised statement on its position concerning capital punishment. The College proposes to support psychiatrists who refuse to be involved in the capital process, but accepts that some may take up limited involvement in the manner set out in the document. The Royal College is the professional body for psychiatric practitioners in the United Kin...

one of the most important issues in the occultation age that has been discussed by islamic jurists is whether the implementation of hudod punishment is allowed during the occultation age of infallible imam or not. the jurists have different opinions about this issue that we could generally categorize such opinions into three groups. the majority of jurists believe in the permissibility of perfo...

Background: The legislative review of the criminal record on the crime of repetition and the severity of the punishment for repeated offenders indicates that the legislator firstly used various laws to include repetition of crime, and in some cases such as drug offenses and for criminal reasons. It has taken into account a certain degree of exacerbation that is markedly different from what is s...