Only 50% ofthe disulphide-S ofwool will react with NaHSO3 to give thiol and S-cysteinesulphonate groups (Elsworth & Phillips, 1941; Middlebrook & Phillips, 1942). We have now shown that the disulphide-S ofwool can be subdivided into two halves differing in their reaction with alkalis; one-half tends to decompose according to reaction (1), whilst the other half tends to decompose according to re...

In this work, the thermal reaction of aluminum (Al) and nickel oxide (NiO) was investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. Some effective features of reaction such as reaction temperature, the reaction mechanism, and diffusion rate of oxygen into aluminum structure were studied. ReaxFF force field was performed to study the Al/NiO thermite reaction behavior at five different temperatures (5...

Temperature, pressure, and time have been thought to control the smectite-to-illite (S-I) reaction, an important diagenetic process used for petroleum exploration. We demonstrated that microorganisms can promote the S-I reaction by dissolving smectite through reduction of structural Fe(III) at room temperature and 1 atmosphere within 14 days. This reaction typically requires conditions of 300 d...

Sustained oscillations in pH and redox potential are found in the chlorite-sulfide reaction in a continuous-flow stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Autocatalytic oxidation of HSO(3)(-) by ClO(2)(-) is the major source of positive feedback of hydrogen ions. The reaction between H(2)S and ClO(2)(-) to form S(8), which consumes H(+), is an important source of negative feedback. A model consisting of fiv...

The Eschenmoser coupling is a useful carbon-carbon bond forming reaction which has been used in various different synthesis strategies. The reaction proceeds smoothly if S-alkylated ternary thioamides or thiolactames are used. In the case of S-alkylated secondary thioamides or thiolactames, the Eschenmoser coupling needs prolonged reaction times and elevated temperatures to deliver valuable yie...