Energy is one of the primary inputs in textile processing industries that have a significant impact on the cost of a cotton product. The energy cost-share is reported between 5-10% of the total production cost of woven cotton fabric in textile factories of developed countries. However, it is far higher in developing countries. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of energy use and...

Large loading events on wind turbine rotor blades are often associated with transient bursts of coherent turbulent energy in the turbine inflow. These coherent turbulent structures are identified as peaks in the three-dimensional, instantaneous, turbulent shearing stress field. Such organized inflow structures and the accompanying rotor aeroelastic responses typically have time scales of only a...

AIMS/BACKGROUND To clarify whether intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in the human eye affects the durability of polymethylmethacrylate over an average period of 10.9 years. METHODS Shearing stress and extent of damage following neodymium (Nd):YAG laser application to 18 study and 12 control optics were examined. RESULTS No significant difference was found between the study and the control...

b = a length L c = the cohesion intercept M L T Ip = the plasticity index P = a force M L T u = the pore fluid pressure ML T θ = an angle Angle μ1 = shear strength reduction factor related to time effects μ2 = shear strength reduction factor related to fissuring σ = the normal stress on a plane M L T τ = the shearing stress on a plane M L T φ = the angle of internal friction Angle ψ = an angle ...

As an abundant natural resource in Asia, bamboo is receiving increased attention as an engineering material due to its renewability and excellent strength. The parallel-to-grain compression and shearing properties of moso bamboo culm were examined. The growth characteristics (bamboo age, nodes, and location along the culm), as well as treatments for practical applications (hole punching and hoo...

the our purpose of objective is evaluation and comparison the energy flow in wheat lands of cities in alborz province. we try to calculate the indexes of energy ratio, gross energy, specific energy, energy efficiency, energy intensity, total input and output energy. population of the study consisted of farmers of cities in alborz province in the year of 1391-92. it was a best way that we use po...

A deformable template model for object extraction is proposed based on the fuzzy alignment algorithm (FAA). This object matching algorithm is partitioned into two iterative processes, the first is to estimate the pose relationship (point correspondence and transform parameters) between the current template and the prototype using FAA, the second is to adjust the current template under the exert...

This paper considers segregation in collisional granular shearing ows from the experimental, computational, and theoretical standpoints. We focus on a phenomenon of segregation where the separation of grains by size or mass is driven by spatial gradients in the uctuation energy of the grains. We report experiments carried out in microgravity with a shear cell shaped as a race track and containi...