This paper provides an empirical examination of the economic impact of spectator sports on local economies. Confirming the results of other ex post analyses of sports in general, this paper finds no statistically significant evidence that college football games in particular contribute positively to a host’s economy. Our analysis from 1970-2004 of 63 metropolitan areas that play host to big-tim...

We study the effects of randomness on competitions based on an elementary random process in which there is a finite probability that a weaker team upsets a stronger team. We apply this model to sports leagues and sports tournaments, and compare the theoretical results with empirical data. Our model shows that single-elimination tournaments are efficient but unfair: the number of games is propor...

The article examines the peculiarities of educational and training competitive activity young goalkeepers in football process long-term sports qualified reserve professional teams. In this direction, one central places is study, analysis generalization characteristics educational, from point view optimizing a high-quality indisputable importance problem due to practice modern - increased level ...

There are m any alternative stru ctures to tournaments for gam e sports and over time tournaments have revised their st ructures. In m aking a revision to a tournament structure, there will be de sirable characteristics that must be maintained or im proved. Such c haracteristics include accurately ranking the strongest teams, increased revenue from audiences and sponsors and m aintaining or imp...

Introduction Sports Medicine is a constantly evolving profession.1 The past 20 years has seen an explosion in the sophistication of sports medicine and sports science within Australia.2 Traditionally in Australian Rules football, a medical team would consist of a group of ‘sports trainers’ to assist players with injury management and prevention. Typical duties of a sports trainer would involve ...

Background. Today, management and development of sports brands are not only limited to sports goods, teams and leagues, but also recognized by professional and elite athletes. Objectives. So, the purpose of the present study is to analyze awareness of the components of personal brand image of male and female national team athletes and Taekwondo elite players of Iran. Methods. This study is ap...