BACKGROUND Cigarette craving usually occurs in conjunction with unpleasant feelings, including stress, as part of a withdrawal syndrome. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), a behavioral technique used to reduce stress by concentrating on achieving muscle relaxation, may reduce levels of cigarette craving and other substance-related negative feelings and withdrawal symptoms. METHODS Demograph...

Ethanol abuse is linked to several acute and chronic injuries that can lead to health problems. Ethanol addiction is one of the most severe diseases linked to the abuse of this drug. Symptoms of ethanol addiction include compulsive substance intake and withdrawal syndrome. Stress exposure has an important role in addictive behavior for many drugs of abuse (including ethanol), but the consequenc...

this study was designed to assess the effect of five common anticonvulsant drugs on naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent mice. male mice (25-35 g) were made dependent by increasing doses of morphine (30-90 mg/kg). at least three doses of phenytoin, carbamazepine, sodium valproate, lamotrigine and topiramate were injected i.p. to morphine-dependent mice 45 min prior to...

It is commonly known that patients with dependence on alcohol and drugs like opiates are psychoactive substances likecannabis and benzodiazepines as sustitutes or additions to tthe primary substance of dependence. At the alcohol and deaddiction centre at Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, where we have so far registered nearly 2300 cases of alcohol and drug dependence in th...