This brief provides findings on the observed effect of initial pavement smoothness (also known as initial roughness, or as-constructed roughness) on the long-term pavement roughness progression of asphalt overlays. The relationship can be used as a measure for estimating the long-term effect of pavement smoothness and for consideration when developing smoothness specifications and/or payment ad...

We present a characterization of the approximation errors of the PostWidder and the Gamma operators in Lp(0,∞), 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞, with a weight x0(1 + x)γ∞−γ0 with arbitrary real γ0, γ∞. Two types of characteristics are used – weighted K-functionals of the approximated function itself and the classical fixed step moduli of smoothness taken on simple modifications of it. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classi...

In this work we investigate the approximation problems in the Smirnov-Orlicz spaces in terms of the fractional modulus of smoothness. We prove the direct and inverse theorems in these spaces and obtain a constructive descriptions of the Lipschitz classes of functions defined by the fractional order modulus of smoothness, in particular. 1. Preliminaries and introduction A function M (u) : R → R ...

For rather general moduli of smoothness ρ, like ρ(h)=h ln(c/h), we consider the Hölder spaces Hρ(B) of functions [0, 1] → B where B is a separable Banach space. We establish an isomorphism between Hρ(B) and some sequence Banach space. With this analytical tool, we follow a very natural way to study, in terms of second differences, the existence of a version in Hρ(B) for a given random field. 20...

PURPOSE To perform a quantitative evaluation of smoothness of ablation on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using four scanning excimer lasers available commercially for photorefractive surgery. METHODS Ablations were done on PMMA plates with dimensions 100 x 50 x 1 mm. Four scanning excimer lasers were used, two with flying spot technology (Zeiss-Meditec MEL-70, and a Russian-made unit, Microsca...

An automatic and local fairing algorithm for bicubic Bspline surfaces is proposed. A local fairness criterion selects the knot, where the spline surface has to be faired. A fairing step is than applied, which locally modi es the control net by a constrained least-squares approximation. It consists of increasing locally the smoothness of the surface from C to C. Some extensions of this method ar...

We calculate the minimal surface bounded by four-sided figures whose projection on a plane is a rectangle, starting with the bilinear interpolation and using, for smoothness, the Chebyshev polynomial expansion in our discretized numerical algorithm to get closer to satisfying the zero mean curvature condition. We report values for both the bilinear and improved areas, suggesting a quantitative ...