this study has investigated the long-run and short-run effects of relative productivity on real exchange rate using annual time series data of iran and its major trade partners over the period 1980-2005. to analyze such effect which refers to the balassa-samuelson effect, this research uses auto-regressive distributed lags (ardl) method, to deal with dynamics of the relationship between product...

 This paper examines the two most important current efforts to devise new rules binding all nations the negotiations in the WTO of trade rules and the negotiations under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change to devise rules restricting the annual emissions of greenhouse gases. Both negotiations have failed after several years of intensive effort. There are remarkable parallels in these ...

This paper discusses trade facilitation in the context of enhancing trading links between South and Southeast Asia, in a manner understandable to the non-specialist. Presently, these two Asian regions tend to trade preferentially with distant markets. One of the reasons cited for the limited trade between themselves is that trade facilitation with trade partners in developed countries is more u...

The exchange rate plays an essential role for firms which export goods and import raw materials. In this paper, the effects of real specific exchange rate fluctuations in imports, exports and aggregate trade on industry sector, chemical and transportation industries outputs in 49 OIC countries were investigated by using a panel data model over 1990-2014. Particularly, this paper presents eviden...

Under plausible assumptions about preferences and technology, the model in this paper suggests that the entire volume of world trade matters for wage inequality. Therefore, trade integration, even among identical countries, is likely to increase the skill premium. Further, we argue that empirical evidence of a falling relative price of skill-intensive goods can be reconciled with the fast growt...

The application of the generalized gravity model in analyzing the Bangladesh’s trade reveals that Bangladesh’s trade is positively determined by the size of the economies, per capita GNP differential of the countries involved and openness of the trading countries. Bangladesh’s exports are positively determined by the exchange rate, partner countries’ total import demand and openness of the Bang...

An economy is presented where trade is beneficial but not assumed. If trade is to occur, it must arise endogenously as either barter or mediated trade. The role decision costs play in the development of trade is explicitly recognized. The theoretical model is examined in an experimental setting by imbedding it in a computer trading game. The data obtained from the experiments are used to examin...