We present an algorithm to generate small Büchi automata for LTL formulae. We describe a heuristic approach consisting of three phases: rewriting of the formula, an optimized translation procedure, and simplification of the resulting automaton. We present a translation procedure that is optimal within a certain class of translation procedures. The simplification algorithm can be used for Büchi ...

The minimum Bayes risk (MBR) decoding objective improves BLEU scores for machine translation output relative to the standard Viterbi objective of maximizing model score. However, MBR targeting BLEU is prohibitively slow to optimize over k-best lists for large k. In this paper, we introduce and analyze an alternative to MBR that is equally effective at improving performance, yet is asymptoticall...

Translation of literary works is not simply a rendering process from one language to another. It requires the choice appropriate methods and procedures in order produce good-quality translation. The purpose this study, reveal translation used by translator Indonesian-English novel Laskar Pelangi, Rainbow Troops. refer theory suggested Newmark. This study designed as qualitative namely Descripti...

We address the problem of extracting bilingual chunk pairs from parallel text to create training sets for statistical machine translation. We formulate the problem in terms of a stochastic generative process over text translation pairs, and derive two different alignment procedures based on the underlying alignment model. The first procedure is a now-standard dynamic programming alignment model...

We develop a basic translation procedure that translates a hod mouse to an equivalent mouse. Unlike the translation procedure used by Steel and Zhu, our procedure works in a coarse setting without assuming AD+. Nevertheless, the procedure resembles the one developed by Steel in [8]. We use the translation procedures to answer a question of Trevor Wilson. Namely, we show that if there is a stati...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine if capsular repair used in conjunction with the Latarjet procedure results in significant alterations in glenohumeral rotational range of motion and translation. METHODS Glenohumeral rotational range of motion and translation were measured in eight cadaveric shoulders in 90° of abduction in both the scapular and coronal planes under the fo...

this research was conducted to examine whether there was a significant difference between the quality of translations produced by translation students who used bilingual (english to farsi) dictionaries with that of those using monolingual (english to english) dictionaries. to this end, 78 senior undergraduate students of english translation took part in a piloted english proficiency test, 60 of...

We propose a simple grammarless procedure to extract phrasal translation examples from aligned parallel texts. It is based on the difference of word sequence in two languages.