The number of 88 rats was chosen, after 21 days, they were ablactated and categorized them as following groups:
 control group 1 has a cage 8 in social condition. After 6 weeks saline injection (1mg / kg), the yawning behavior is recorded for 60 minutes. Group 2 conditions receiving ethanol months, each serving 600 mg kg. 3 isolation without treatment with agonist antagonist, Opioid alcoho...

Two detection cum latency models are constructed by combining sets of plausible assumptions about latency with, in the first instance, the model of the Theory of Signal Detection and, in the second instance, a general threshold model. The aim of this paper is to show that latency statistics can be used to provide sharp tests for distinguishing between the two models. The two statistics studied ...

In this paper we discuss the KDD process in ”data-flow” environments, where unstructured and time dependent data can be processed into various levels of structured and semantically-rich forms for analysis tasks. Using network intrusion detection as a concrete application example, we describe how to construct models that are both accurate in describing the underlying concepts, and efficient when...

Students of behavior have neglected yawning. It is rarely mentioned in animal behavior texts, and even books that would seem to be particularly relevant, such as Hinde's (1972) Non Verbal Communication, do not include yawning in the index. In physiology the standard texts such as Starlings Human Physiology (Davson & Eggleton, 1962) or the revised Johns Hopkins Atlas of Human Functional Anatomy ...

In humans yawning can be triggered both physiologically as well as psychologically (i.e., spontaneous and contagious yawns), and it is the distinct manifestation of these 2 yawn types that has led researchers to traditionally study them independently. However, evolution produces adaptations that are constrained by and build upon existing architecture, and since contagious yawning is a derived f...

INTRODUCTION The motor pattern 'yawning' has been described for all vertebrate groups. The most intensive study of this behaviour pattern has been made by SAUER & SAUER (1967) in the South African Ostrich. They suggest that yawning assists in the regulation of the physiological state of these birds. It is primarily released and activated by endogenous stimuli, but can also be facilitated and tr...