In this review the reactivity of the bio-based platform compounds D-sorbitol and isosorbide with green reagents and solvent dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is reported. Dehydration of D-sorbitol via DMC in the presence of catalytic amounts of base is an efficient and viable process for the preparation of the industrially relevant anhydro sugar isosorbide. This procedure is "chlorine-free", one-pot, en...

Dislocation remains a major concern after hip arthroplasty. We asked whether dual mobility cups (DMC) would improve early hip stability in patients with high risk of dislocation. We followed 34 patients (21 females, 13 males) treated between 2009 and 2012 with cemented DMC for hip revisions caused recurrent hip prosthetic dislocation or as a primary procedure in patients with high risk of insta...

SUMMARY A data monitoring committee (DMC) is a group of clinicians and biostatisticians appointed by study sponsors who provide independent assessment of the safety, scientific validity and integrity of clinical trials. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration requires the formation of DMC in all trials that assess new interventions. DMC are also strongly recommended in other clin...

BiNi clusters have been studied using the hybrid B3LYP density functional and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (DMC) methods. Different cluster families have been characterized for each cluster size using B3LYP, and the energy differences have been compared with those obtained within DMC. The DMC results predict that the global minimum energy structures are rings for i ) 2-9, a three-ring structur...

BACKGROUND Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects persons of all ages, while also placing heavy economic burdens on national economies and healthcare systems. The study aims to investigate the determinants of direct medical cost (DMC), out-of-pocket (OOP) proportion of the cost, and healthcare utilization associated with T2DM. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in four major ci...

OBJECTIVES To address issues about data monitoring committees (DMCs) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs). DATA SOURCES Electronic databases. Handsearching of selected books. Personal contacts with experts in the field. REVIEW METHODS Systematic literature reviews of DMCs and small group processes in decision-making; sample surveys of: reports of RCTs, recently completed and ongoing RCTs...

Decision-making competence (DMC) is the ability to follow normative principles when making decisions. In a longitudinal analysis, we examine the robustness of DMC over time, as measured by two batteries of paper-and-pencil tasks. Participants completed the youth version (Y-DMC) at age 19 and/or the adult version (A-DMC) 11 years later at age 30, as part of a larger longitudinal study. Both meas...

grafting polymerization was a valuable method for the modification of the chemical and physical properties of polymer surfaces. in this paper, the grafting of cationic vinyl monomer with quaternary ammonium groups, methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (dmc), onto the isotactic polypropylene (ipp) granule was performed by suspension solid-state grafting process. the technique offers new ...