Mesoscale atmospheric models currently rely on an integrated land-surface model to provide fluxes of heat, momentum, and moisture from the land surface to the atmosphere. While improvements have been made by tuning land-surface models for a variety of test cases, current models are limited to vertical transport in a shallow soil column. They are thus unable to capture lateral transport of soil ...

Reflection occurs at an air–material interface. The development of antireflection schemes, which aims to cancel such reflection, is important for a wide variety of applications including solar cells and photodetectors. Recently, it has been demonstrated that a periodic array of resonant subwavelength objects placed at an air–material interface can significantly reduce reflection that otherwise ...

The age of air has recently emerged as a diagnostic of atmospheric transport unaffected by chemical parameterizations, and the features in the age distributions computed in models have been interpreted in terms of the models’ large-scale circulation field. This study shows, however, that in addition to the simulated large-scale circulation, three-dimensional age calculations can also be affecte...

in this paper some algebraic structures for linguistic fuzzy models are defined for the first time. by definition linguistic fuzzy norm, stability of these systems can be considered. two methods (normed-based & graphical-based) for stability analysis of linguist fuzzy systems will be presented. at the follow a new simple method for linguistic fuzzy numbers calculations is defined. at the end tw...

in this paper, we present a multi-formalism modeling framework (abbreviated by mfmf) for modeling and simulation. the proposed framework is defined based on the concepts of meta-models and uses object-orientation to overcome the complexities and to enhance the extensibility. the framework can be used as a basis for modeling by various formalisms and to support model composition in a unified man...

recently the concept of facility efficiency, which defined by data envelopment analysis (dea), introduced as a location modeling objective, that provides facilities location’s effect on their performance in serving demands. by combining the dea models with the location problem, two types of “efficiencies” are optimized: spatial efficiency which measured by finding the least cost location and al...

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your perso...

Fuzzy linear regression models are used to obtain an appropriate linear relation between a dependent variable and several independent variables in a fuzzy environment. Several methods for evaluating fuzzy coefficients in linear regression models have been proposed. The first attempts at estimating the parameters of a fuzzy regression model used mathematical programming methods. In this the...